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References

In the following some important papers related to the SNOWPACK model are listed. Additional information can be found on the web: www.slf.ch/lwr/prozessmodelle/aufgaben-en.html.

  • Lehning, M., Bartelt, P., Brown, R.L., Russi, T., Stöckli, U., Zimmerli, M., Snowpack Model Calculations for Avalanche Warning based upon a new Network of Weather and Snow Stations, 1999, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 30, 145-157.
  • Lehning, M, Bartelt, P.B., Brown, R.L., Fierz, C., Satyawali, P., A physical SNOWPACK model for the Swiss Avalanche Warning Services. Part II: Snow Microstructure, 2002, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 35/3, 147-167.
  • Lehning, M, Bartelt, P.B., Brown, R.L., Fierz, C., Satyawali, P., A physical SNOWPACK model for the Swiss Avalanche Warning Services. Part III: Meteorological Boundary Conditions, Thin Layer Formation and Evaluation, 2002, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 35/3, 169-184.
  • Fierz, C., P. Riber, E.A. Adams, A.R. Curran, P.M.B. Föhn, M. Lehning and C. Plüss, Evaluation of snow-surface energy balance models in alpine terrain, 2003, J. Hydrol., 282, 76–94.
  • Obleitner, F., Lehning, M., Measurements and simulation of snow and superimposed ice at the Kongsvegen glacier, Svalbard (Spitzbergen), 2004, J. Geophys. Res., 109D, D04106.
  • Yamaguchi, S., Sato, A., Lehning, M., Application of the numerical snowpack model (SNOWPACK) to the wet snow region in Japan, 2004, Ann. Glac., 38, 266-272.
  • Rasmus, S., Räisänen J., Lehning, M., Estimating snow conditions in Finland in the late 21st century using the SNOWPACK model with regional climate scenario data as input, 2004, Ann. Glac., 38, 238-244.
  • Hirashima, H., Nishimura, K., Baba, E., Hachikubo, A., Lehning, M., SNOWPACK model simulations for snow in Hokkaido, Japan, 2004, Ann. Glac., 38, 123–129.
  • Nishimura, K., Baba, E., Hirashima, H., Lehning, M., Application of SNOWPACK model to snow avalanche warning in Niseko, Japan, 2005, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 43, 62-70.
  • Rasmus, S., Gronholm, T., Lehning, M., Validation of the SNOWPACK model in five different snow zones in Finland, 2007, Boreal Env. Res., 12(4), 467-488.
  • Lehning, M., Fierz, C., Assessment of snow transport in avalanche terrain, 2008, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 51, 240-252, DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2007.05.012.
  • Luetschg, M., Lehning, M., Haeberli, W., A sensitivity study of factors influencing warm/thin permafrost in the Alps, 2008, J. Glaciol., 54/187, 696-704.
  • Schirmer, M., Lehning, M., Schweizer, J., Statistical forecasting of avalanche danger using simulated snow cover data, 2009, J. Glaciol., 55/193, 761-768.
  • Stoessel, F., Manes, C., Guala, M., Fierz, C., Lehning, M., Micrometeorological and morphological observations of surface hoar dynamics on a mountain snow covers, 2009, Water Resour. Res., doi:10.1029/2009WR008198.
  • Olefs, M., Lehning, M., Textile protection of snow and ice: Measured and simulated effects on the energy and massbalance, 2010, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2010.03.011.
  • Schirmer, M., Lehning, M., Schweizer, J., Statistical evaluation of local to regional snowpack stability using simulated snow-cover data, 2010, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 64/2, 110-118, doi: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2010.04.012.
  • Hirashima, H., Yamaguchi, S., Sato, A., Lehning, M., Numerical modeling of liquid water movement through layered snow based on new measurements of the water retention curve, 2010, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 64/2, 94-103, doi: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2010.09.003.
  • Bellaire, S., J.B. Jamieson, and C. Fierz, Forcing the snow-cover model SNOWPACK with forecasted weather data, 2011, The Cryosphere, 5, 1115–1125, 2011, http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-5-1115-2011.