中国1：10万土地利用数据是在中国科学院“八五”重大应用项目《全国资源环境遥感宏观调查与动态研究》组织了中国科学院所属19个研究所的遥感科技队伍，以卫星遥感为手段，在三年内基于Landsat MSS，TM和ETM遥感数据建立了中国1：10万土地利用影像和矢量数据库。包括的内容主要有：中国1:10万土地利用数据；中国1：10万土地利用图形数据和属性数据。
\n\n该数据由中国1：10万土地利用数据直接裁剪得到。黑河流域1：10万土地利用数据采用一个分层的土地覆盖分类系统，将全流域分为6个一级类（耕地、林地、草地、水域、城乡、工矿、居民用地和未利用土地），26个二级类；数据类型为矢量多边形，以Shape格式存储；数据投影有两种：WGS84/ALBERS；数据范围覆盖新的黑河流域边界（缺外蒙古数据）。
\n\n土地利用分类属性：
\n\n一级类型 二级类型 属性编码 空间分布位置
\n\n耕地 水田 113 主要分布在河流冲积平原、盆地、河谷川地
\n\n耕地 水田 112 分布在丘陵河谷窄谷台地或滩地上（有灌溉条件）
\n\n耕地 水田 111 主要分布在山区山间河谷窄谷台地或滩地上（有较好的灌溉条件）
\n\n耕地 旱地 124 主要分布在山区，坡度一般都大于25度（属于陡坡坡挂地），应退耕还林。
\n\n耕地 旱地 123 主要分布在盆地、山前带、河流冲积、洪积或湖积平原（水源短缺灌溉条件差）。
\n\n耕地 旱地 122 主要分布在丘陵区（陕、甘、宁、青均有）。一般状况下地块分布在丘陵的缓坡以及墚、卯之上。
\n\n耕地 旱地 121 主要分布在山区，海拔在4000米以下的山坡（缓坡、山腰、陡坡台地等）及山前带上。
\n\n林地 有林地（乔木） 21 主要分布在高山（海拔4000米以下）或中山坡地、谷地两坡、山顶、平原等。在青海南山、祁连山均有。
\n\n林地 灌木林地 22 主要分布在较高的山区（4500米以下），多数分布山坡和山谷及沙地。
\n\n林地 疏林地 23 主要分布在山区、丘陵、平原及沙地、戈壁（壤质、沙砾质）边缘。
\n\n林地 其他林地 24 主要分布在绿洲田埂，河边、路边及农村居民点周围。
\n\n草地 高覆盖草地 31 一般分布在山区（缓坡）、丘陵（陡坡）及河间滩地、戈壁、沙地丘间等。
\n\n草地 中覆盖草地 32 主要分布在较干燥地方（隔壁低洼地和沙地丘间地等）。
\n\n草地 低覆盖草地 33 主要生长在较干燥地方(黄土丘陵上和沙地边缘)。
\n\n水域 河渠 41 主要分布在平原、川间耕地以及山间沟谷内。
\n\n水域 湖泊 42 主要分布在地势低洼地区。
\n\n水域 水库坑塘 43 主要分布在青海省的山间低地和沙地丘间低地内。
\n\n水域 冰川及永久性积雪 44 主要分布在平原、川间谷内，周围有居民地和耕地。
\n\n水域 河滩地 46 主要分布在（4000以上）高山顶部。
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\nThis data is directly cut from the 1:100000 land use data of China. The 1:100000 land use data of Heihe River Basin adopts a hierarchical land cover classification system, which divides the whole basin into six first-class categories (cultivated land, forest land, grassland, water area, urban and rural areas, industrial and mining land, residential land and unused land), and 26 second-class categories; the data type is vector polygon, which is stored in shape format; there are two types of data projection: WGS84 / Albers; the data coverage is new Heihe River basin boundary (lack of data from Outer Mongolia).
\nLand use classification attributes:
\nLevel 1 type level 2 type attribute code spatial distribution location
\nFarmland paddy field 113 is mainly distributed in river alluvial plain, basin, river valley and Sichuan
\nCultivated land and paddy field 112 are distributed on narrow valley platform or beach in hilly Valley (with irrigation conditions)
\nFarmland paddy field 111 is mainly distributed on narrow valley platform or beach in mountain valley (with better irrigation conditions)
\nCultivated land and dry land 124 are mainly distributed in mountainous areas, and the slope is generally greater than 25 degrees (belonging to steep slope hanging land), so it should be returned to forest.
\nCultivated land 123 is mainly distributed in basin, piedmont, river alluvial, proluvial or lacustrine plain (water shortage and poor irrigation conditions).
\nThe cultivated dry land 122 is mainly distributed in the hilly areas (Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Qinghai). In general, the land is distributed on the gentle slope of the hills, as well as on the long and long slopes.
\nCultivated land and dry land 121 are mainly distributed in mountainous areas, hillsides (gentle slope, hillside, steep slope platform, etc.) and piedmont belt with an altitude of less than 4000 meters.
\nWoodland forest land (Arbor) 21 is mainly distributed in high mountains (below 4000 meters above sea level) or middle mountain slopes, valley slopes, mountain tops, plains, etc. It is found in the Nanshan and Qilian Mountains of Qinghai.
\nWoodland shrub land 22 is mainly distributed in the higher mountain area (below 4500m), most of which are hillside, valley and sandy land.
\nWoodland 23 is mainly distributed in mountainous area, hilly area, plain, sandy land and Gobi (Loamy and sandy conglomerate) edge.
\nOther forest lands 24 are mainly distributed around the oasis ridge, riverside, roadside and rural residential areas.
\nThe grassland 31 with high coverage is generally distributed in mountainous area (gentle slope), hilly area (steep slope), river beach, Gobi, sand dune, etc.
\nGrassland 32 is mainly distributed in dry areas (low-lying land next door and land between Sandy Hills).
\nThe low cover grassland 33 mainly grows in the dry area (on the loess hills and on the edge of sandy land).
\nWater channel 41 is mainly distributed in plain, inter Sichuan cultivated land and inter mountain valley.
\nWater lakes 42 are mainly distributed in low-lying areas.
\nWater reservoir pond 43 is mainly distributed in the mountain lowlands and Sandy Hills lowlands of Qinghai Province.
\nGlaciers and permanent snow cover 44 are mainly distributed in plain and valley between rivers, surrounded by residential land and cultivated land.
\nThe flood land 46 is mainly distributed on the top of (over 4000) mountains.
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