本数据集为2024年黄土高塬沟壑区南小河沟流域杨家沟（治理沟）降水量、径流泥沙量、蒸发量的观测数据。杨家沟（治理沟）为南小河沟流域中的一条支沟，测站以上控制面积为1.01km²。杨家沟基本上按照“全面规划，集中治理，连续治理，沟坡兼治，治坡为主”及“工程措施与生物措施相结合”的治理方针，逐年连续治理。1952年只做了少部分塬面治理，1954年着重进行了沟道治理并开始封沟育草，1958年基本完成了适地治理。杨家沟径流站观测断面设在以生物措施为主进行水土保持治理的杨家沟主沟道，距杨家沟沟口公路270m处，主要观测流域以生物措施为主的治理效益及支沟的治理措施和方法，作为治理沟道与董庄沟进行观测对比。本数据集主要为杨家沟雨量站降水量观测数据、杨家沟蒸发量站观测数据及杨家沟径流站径流泥沙观测数据。
", "ds_source": "仪器连续观测，人工定时观测。
", "ds_process_way": "降水观测：采用普通雨量计（SM1）和虹吸式自己雨量计（DSJ-2）进行观测。SM1型采用8时、20时两段制进行全年观测，主要观测降水起止时间，统计降水量，当降水间歇时间大于15min间歇前后作为两次降水进行记载，当间歇时间小于15min则作为一次降水观测记载，如果一次降水跨过8时、20时应在8时、20时加测。DSJ-2型采用24段制进行汛期观测（4月1日-10月31日）。 蒸发量观测：采用小型蒸发皿（HY.AM3）每日8时观测一次，封冻期间每五日观测一次。蒸发皿的蒸发量用同规格雨量杯或专用台秤观测。 径流泥沙观测：采用三角槽人工断面布设水位尺进行观测。非汛期基流采用 2 段制，即 8 时、20 时各观测一次；汛期基流采用4段制，即2时、8时、14时、20时各观测一次，汛期时段 4～10月。洪水期或者水位变化急剧时期，在控制起涨、峰顶、落平和其它水位涨落重要转折点水位的前提下，大致按水位变化均匀布设测次，峰顶附近不少于 3 次，一般单峰不少于 11 次，落平 后 30min 到 1.0h 观测一次，要求能测得各次峰、谷和完整的水位变化过程。
", "ds_quality": "数据整编录入过程经过四级人工校核，分别是制表、初校、复校、审核，确保数据质量。
", "ds_acq_start_time": "2024-01-01 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2024-12-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "甘肃省庆阳市西峰区后官寨乡南小河沟流域杨家沟", "ds_acq_lon_east": 107.50833333333334, "ds_acq_lat_south": 35.68083333333333, "ds_acq_lon_west": 107.62388888888889, "ds_acq_lat_north": 35.74861111111111, "ds_acq_alt_low": 1050.0, "ds_acq_alt_high": 1423.0, "ds_share_type": "apply-access", "ds_total_size": 233928, "ds_files_count": 9, "ds_format": "Excel表格", "ds_space_res": null, "ds_time_res": "日、次", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "0994a31f-3027-4b7f-ba97-c008da0347cb.png", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "8f345532-a01e-49ca-a880-641bc176ede9", "ds_serv_man": "李红星", "ds_serv_phone": "0931-4967596", "ds_serv_mail": "ncdc@lzb.ac.cn", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [], "quality_level": 3, "publish_time": "2025-11-27 15:47:26", "last_updated": "2025-12-01 15:45:00", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "11738.11.NCDC.HWXFZHAN.DB7015.2025", "i18n": { "en": { "title": "2024 Yangjiagou (Governance Gully) Observation Dataset in Nanxiaohegou Watershed of Loess Plateau Gully Region", "ds_format": "", "ds_source": "Continuous instrument observation, manual timed observation.
", "ds_quality": "The data integration and input process undergoes four levels of manual verification, including tabulation, initial proofreading, re proofreading, and auditing, to ensure data quality.
", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_abstract": "This dataset is the observation data of precipitation, runoff sediment, and evaporation in Yangjiagou (governance ditch) in the Nanxiaohegou watershed of the Loess Plateau gully region in 2023. Yangjiagou (Governance Gully) is a tributary of the Nanxiaohegou watershed, with a controlled area of 1.01km ² above the measuring station. Yangjiagou basically follows the governance policy of \"comprehensive planning, centralized governance, continuous governance, both gully and slope governance, with slope governance as the main focus\" and \"combining engineering measures with biological measures\", and has been continuously governed year by year. In 1952, only a small part of the plateau surface was treated. In 1954, emphasis was placed on channel treatment and the closure of ditches for grass cultivation began. In 1958, suitable land treatment was basically completed. The observation section of Yangjiagou runoff station is located in the main channel of Yangjiagou, which is mainly treated with biological measures for soil and water conservation. It is 270m away from the road at the mouth of Yangjiagou and mainly observes the treatment benefits of biological measures in the watershed, as well as the treatment measures and methods of the branch channel. It is used to compare the treatment of the channel with Dongzhuanggou. This dataset mainly consists of precipitation observation data from Yangjiagou Rainfall Station, evaporation observation data from Yangjiagou Evaporation Station, and runoff sediment observation data from Yangjiagou Runoff Station
", "ds_time_res": "日、次", "ds_acq_place": "Yangjiagou, Nanxiaohegou Basin, Houguanzhai Township, Xifeng District, Qingyang City, Gansu Province", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_projection": "", "ds_process_way": "Precipitation observation: Ordinary rain gauge (SM1) and siphon self rainfall gauge (DSJ-2) are used for observation. The SM1 model adopts a two stage system of 8 hours and 20 hours for annual observation, mainly observing the start and end time of precipitation, and calculating precipitation. When the precipitation interval is greater than 15 minutes, it is recorded as two precipitation observations before and after the interval. When the interval is less than 15 minutes, it is recorded as one precipitation observation. If a precipitation exceeds 8 hours and 20 hours, additional measurements should be made at 8 hours and 20 hours. The DSJ-2 model adopts a 24 segment system for flood season observation (from April 1st to October 31st). Evaporation observation: Use a small evaporating dish (HY.AM3) to observe once a day at 8 o'clock, and observe once every five days during the freezing period. The evaporation capacity of the evaporating dish is observed using a rain gauge cup of the same specification or a dedicated platform scale. Observation of runoff and sediment: A water level gauge is installed on an artificial cross-section of a triangular channel for observation. The non flood season base flow adopts a two-stage system, with one observation at 8 o'clock and one observation at 20 o'clock each; The basic flow during the flood season adopts a 4-stage system, which is to observe once at 2 o'clock, 8 o'clock, 14 o'clock, and 20 o'clock each. The flood season period is from April to October. During flood periods or periods of rapid water level changes, under the premise of controlling the water level at important turning points such as rising, peak, falling, and other water level fluctuations, roughly arrange measurement times uniformly according to the water level changes. There should be no less than 3 times near the peak, and generally no less than 11 times for a single peak. Observation should be conducted every 30 minutes to 1.0 hours after falling, and it is required to be able to measure each peak, valley, and complete water level change process.
", "ds_ref_instruction": "" } }, "submit_center_id": "ncdc", "data_level": 0, "license_type": "CC BY 4.0", "ds_topic_tags": [ "降水量", "平均含沙量", "平均流量", "平均输沙率", "径流深", "侵蚀模数" ], "ds_subject_tags": [], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "南小河沟流域", "庆阳", "西峰区", "甘肃省" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 2024 ], "ds_contributors": [ { "true_name": "黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学试验站", "email": "18526328@qq.com", "work_for": "黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学试验站", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_meta_authors": [ { "true_name": "袁静", "email": "317806317@qq.com", "work_for": "黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学试验站", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_managers": [ { "true_name": "袁静", "email": "317806317@qq.com", "work_for": "黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学试验站", "country": "中国" } ], "category": "水土保持" }