该数据集源于一项名为“北航道测量计划”（NP-ChaM）的综合性多年期实地考察活动，旨在深化对中国长江口主航道——北航道的水动力学与沉积动力学认知。涵盖八个观测点，历时50天，分布于四年间，包含两个旱季和两个雨季。通过在海床部署配备多种仪器的三脚架系统，可靠监测了近底物理过程。\n
最终获得的数据集包含以下内容：(1) 流体运动数据，涵盖压力、流速与流向（底层及全水柱范围）以及波浪形态； (2) 近底环境条件，包括温度、盐度和浊度（底层及近底1米范围内）；(3) 来自可靠供应商的补充气象数据；(4) 后处理初步成果，展示数据的实际应用价值，如侧向流场与湍动能特征分析。\n
该数据集因其广泛的时间空间覆盖范围及高浓度观测特征（浓度范围从每升数克至数十克）而尤为珍贵。NP-ChaM观测计划于2015至2018年间每年实施，实现了对环境条件季节变化及相关物理过程的精细观测。分布于深水航道两侧的八个观测点，可定量分析航道-浅滩交换过程、沿航道流动力学及咸水入侵现象。该数据集既能深化对航道-浅滩系统中沿航道与跨航道动力学的认知，亦适用于数值模型的校准。所有数据均经过严格质量控制以确保可靠性与准确性。
", "ds_source": "2015至2018年间，通过八次三脚架框架测量获取近底环境条件，构成了长江口北通道的NP-ChaM观测计划。观测周期涵盖雨季与旱季，每次测量持续超过12天，完整捕捉了小潮-大潮过渡期。测量点位集中于新浦河道中部深水航道两侧。
", "ds_process_way": "鉴于相关时空尺度，本次观测活动应：（1）优先监测海底附近水体的底层及垂直结构；（2）覆盖深水航道南北两侧，全面记录航道与邻近浅滩间的水体与沉积物交换；（3）涵盖旱季与雨季的多个观测周期，每次观测持续约14天。
\n遵循上述标准，采用三脚架框架监测近底物理过程及关键变量，包括流速与流向、盐度及悬浮固体含量。框架采用电池供电，可持续工作超过10天。框架结构及搭载仪器详见第4节。作为NP-ChaM计划的一部分，2015至2018年间共实施四轮观测任务，覆盖八个监测站这些站点战略性地分布于NP中部区域：其中五个位于南浅滩与深水航道之间，其余三个位于北浅滩与深水航道之间。
", "ds_quality": "框架上安装的大多数仪器运行良好。然而，由于各种原因，操作中断偶尔发生，其中因安装错误或意外碰撞导致的电池问题尤为频繁。例如在NP-ChaM观测活动中，2015D观测中使用的ADV自第七天起停止工作，2017A观测中的ASM和2018A观测中的RBR均未能采集预期数据。因此，这些仪器被排除在已发表数据集之外。
", "ds_acq_start_time": "2015-01-01 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2018-12-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "长江河口", "ds_acq_lon_east": 122.5, "ds_acq_lat_south": 31.166666666666668, "ds_acq_lon_west": 121.66666666666667, "ds_acq_lat_north": 31.866666666666667, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "open-access", "ds_total_size": 310798202, "ds_files_count": 2, "ds_format": ".csv、.dat、.png", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "0d1a82bf-05f0-4a3a-beb3-eaf4cfd48c8e.png", "ds_thumb_from": 2, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "52b7b79b-860c-49a5-9083-9a70cf8bed5a", "ds_serv_man": "敏玉芳", "ds_serv_phone": "09314967596", "ds_serv_mail": "ncdc@lzb.ac.cn", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "170.45" ], "quality_level": 3, "publish_time": "2025-12-29 10:19:21", "last_updated": "2026-01-14 11:02:45", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": null, "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Multi year Observation of Near Bottom Water Dynamics and Suspended Sediments in the Core Area of the Yangtze River Estuary with Maximum Turbidity (2015-2018)", "ds_format": ".csv、.dat、.png", "ds_source": "Between 2015 and 2018, the NP Cham observation plan for the North Passage of the Yangtze River estuary was established by measuring the near bottom environmental conditions through eight tripod frames. The observation period covers both the rainy and dry seasons, with each measurement lasting over 12 days, fully capturing the transition period from small tide to large tide. The measurement points are concentrated on both sides of the deep-water channel in the middle of the Xinpu River.
", "ds_quality": "Most of the instruments installed on the framework are running well. However, due to various reasons, operational interruptions occasionally occur, with battery issues caused by installation errors or accidental collisions being particularly frequent. For example, in the NP Cham observation activity, the ADV used in the 2015D observation stopped working from the seventh day, and the ASM in the 2017A observation and the RBR in the 2018A observation failed to collect the expected data. Therefore, these instruments were excluded from the published dataset.
", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_abstract": "This dataset is derived from a comprehensive multi-year field investigation activity called the North Channel Measurement Program (NP ChamM), aimed at deepening the understanding of hydrodynamics and sedimentary dynamics of the North Channel, the main channel of the Yangtze River estuary in China. Covering eight observation points, lasting 50 days, distributed over four years, including two dry seasons and two rainy seasons. By deploying a tripod system equipped with multiple instruments on the seabed, reliable monitoring of near bottom physical processes has been achieved.\n
The final dataset obtained includes the following: (1) fluid motion data, covering pressure, flow velocity and direction (bottom and full water column range), as well as wave morphology; (2) Near bottom environmental conditions, including temperature, salinity, and turbidity (within 1 meter of the bottom layer and near the bottom); (3) Supplementary meteorological data from reliable suppliers; (4) Preliminary results of post-processing demonstrate the practical application value of the data, such as analysis of lateral flow field and turbulent kinetic energy characteristics.\n
This dataset is particularly valuable due to its wide temporal and spatial coverage and high concentration observation characteristics (concentration range from grams per liter to tens of grams). The NP Cham observation program was implemented annually from 2015 to 2018, achieving precise observations of seasonal changes in environmental conditions and related physical processes. Eight observation points distributed on both sides of the deep-water channel can quantitatively analyze the channel shallow water exchange process, flow mechanics along the channel, and saltwater intrusion phenomena. This dataset can deepen our understanding of the dynamics along and across channels in the channel shoal system, and is also suitable for calibrating numerical models. All data undergoes strict quality control to ensure reliability and accuracy.
", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_acq_place": "Yangtze River estuary", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_projection": "", "ds_process_way": "Given the relevant temporal and spatial scales, this observation activity should: (1) prioritize monitoring the bottom layer and vertical structure of the water near the seabed; (2) Covering both the north and south sides of the deep-water channel, comprehensively recording the exchange of water and sediment between the channel and adjacent shallow waters; (3) Multiple observation cycles covering both dry and rainy seasons, with each observation lasting approximately 14 days.
\nFollowing the above standards, a tripod frame is used to monitor near bottom physical processes and key variables, including flow velocity and direction, salinity, and suspended solids content. The framework is powered by batteries and can work continuously for more than 10 days. The framework structure and mounted instruments are detailed in Section 4. As part of the NP Cham program, a total of four observation missions were carried out between 2015 and 2018, covering eight monitoring stations strategically located in the central region of NP: five of them are located between the southern shoal and the deep-water channel, and the remaining three are located between the northern shoal and the deep-water channel.
", "ds_ref_instruction": "" } }, "submit_center_id": "ncdc", "data_level": 0, "license_type": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "doi_reg_from": "reg_outside", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_outside", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "三脚架测量", "沉积物浓度", "近床观测" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "地理学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "长江河口" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 ], "ds_contributors": [ { "true_name": "葛建忠", "email": "jzge@sklec.ecnu.edu.cn", "work_for": "河口海岸科学研究院", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_meta_authors": [ { "true_name": "葛建忠", "email": "jzge@sklec.ecnu.edu.cn", "work_for": "河口海岸科学研究院", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_managers": [ { "true_name": "葛建忠", "email": "jzge@sklec.ecnu.edu.cn", "work_for": "河口海岸科学研究院", "country": "中国" } ], "category": "水文" }