数据集包括1870-2017年期间中国大陆降水的稳定氧同位素。时间和空间分辨率分别为月和50-60公里等值线。由于观测资料有限，而气候模式模拟又有不同的时间段，因此采用多种方法和数据集构建了长时段数据集。\n
(1) 1979-2001 年期间，采用 CNN 融合方法将五个 iGCMs（CAM2、GISS E、HadAM3、LMDZ4 和 MIROC32）的八个模拟结果与观测结果融合。\n
(2) 2002-2007 年期间，采用 CNN 融合方法融合了三个 iGCM（GISS E、LMDZ4 和 MIROC32）的六个模拟结果。\n
(3) 对于 1969-1978 年期间，采用 CNN 融合方法融合了三个 iGCM（CAM2、GISS E 和 HadAM3）的四次模拟。\n
(4) 对于 1958-1968 年期间，使用两个 BCM 对两个 iGCM 模拟（CAM2 和 HadAM3）进行校正，然后计算集合平均值（四个模拟的平均值）。\n
(5) 对于 1870-1957 年和 2008-2017 年期间，使用两个 BCM 对一个 iGCM 模拟（HadAM3 用于 1870-1957 年，LMDZ4 放大用于 2008-2017 年）进行修正，然后计算集合平均值（两个模拟的平均值）。\n
在使用该数据集时，应注意使用 CNN 融合方法生成的 1979-2007 年期间的 δ18Op 可能更为可靠，因为 BCMs 和 DFMs 的性能比较显示 CNN 融合方法的性能优于 BCMs，而且该期间使用的 iGCM 模拟数据融合数量多于其他期间。", "ds_source": "
生成等值景观的关联数据可按如下方式获得。GNIP数据可从原子能机构/气象组织（https://nucleus.iaea.org/wiser）的GNIP数据库获得。TNIP数据来源于国家青藏高原科学数据中心（DOI： 10.11888/Geogra.tpdc.270940）。iGCM 数据可以从 SWING2 下载（可在 https://data.giss.nasa.gov/swing2/ 访问），其中 LMDZ4 缩放数据由法国 Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique 的 Camille Risi 博士提供。", "ds_process_way": "
在 1969-2007 年这一共同时期使用 CNN 融合方法生成等值线图，在其余年份使用偏差校正方法生成等值线图。生成的等值线图显示出与观测数据相似的时空分布，是可靠和有用的，可为跟踪大气和水文过程提供有力支持。", "ds_quality": "
生成的等景数据集具有较高的时空分辨率和涵盖 1870-2017年的较长序列。与现有的 iGCMs 相比，等值线在月尺度上对中国大区域具有较高的质量和稳定性。得益于最优神经网络和偏差校正方法的特点，等值线图充分利用了观测资料，整合了各种 iGCM 的优势。也就是说，通过数据融合和纠偏方法的结合，最大限度地利用了所有观测资料和 iGCM 模拟，确保了整个时段的最高精度。", "ds_acq_start_time": "1870-01-01 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2017-12-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "中国大陆", "ds_acq_lon_east": 80.0, "ds_acq_lat_south": 10.0, "ds_acq_lon_west": 130.0, "ds_acq_lat_north": 50.0, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "login-access", "ds_total_size": 81614991, "ds_files_count": 2, "ds_format": "nc", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "122c423d-30ce-43c4-8e28-26c3fa425f25.png", "ds_thumb_from": 2, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "0a4269e1-65f4-45f1-aeba-88ea3068eebf", "ds_serv_man": "敏玉芳", "ds_serv_phone": "0931-4967596", "ds_serv_mail": "ncdc@lzb.ac.cn", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "170.45" ], "quality_level": 3, "publish_time": "2024-03-26 13:59:33", "last_updated": "2026-01-14 10:36:02", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "11738.11.NCDC.ZENODO.DB6459.2024", "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Precipitation oxygen isoscape for mainland China from 1870 to 2017 generated based on data fusion and bias correction of iGCMs simulations", "ds_format": "nc", "ds_source": "
The associated data for generating equivalent landscapes can be obtained as follows. GNIP data can be obtained from the International Atomic Energy Agency/World Meteorological Organization（ https://nucleus.iaea.org/wiser ）Obtain the GNIP database. The TNIP data is sourced from the National Qinghai Tibet Plateau Science Data Center (DOI: 10.11888/Geogra.tpdc.270940). IGCM data can be downloaded from SWING2 (available at https://data.giss.nasa.gov/swing2/ The LMDZ4 scaling data was provided by Dr. Camille Risi from Laboratoire de M é t é orologie Dynamique in France.", "ds_quality": "
The generated isomorphic dataset has high spatiotemporal resolution and covers a long sequence from 1870 to 2017. Compared with existing iGCMs, contour lines have higher quality and stability for large regions of China on a monthly scale. Thanks to the characteristics of optimal neural networks and bias correction methods, contour maps fully utilize observational data and integrate the advantages of various iGCMs. That is to say, by combining data fusion and correction methods, all observation data and iGCM simulations were maximally utilized to ensure the highest accuracy throughout the entire period.", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_abstract": "
The data set includes stable oxygen isotopes of precipitation in Chinese Mainland from 1870 to 2017. The time and spatial resolutions are monthly and 50-60 kilometer contour lines, respectively. Due to limited observational data and different time periods in climate model simulations, multiple methods and datasets were used to construct a long-term dataset.\n
(1) During the period of 1979-2001, CNN fusion method was used to fuse eight simulation results of five iGCMs (CAM2, GISS E, HadAM3, LMDZ4, and MIROC32) with observation results.\n
(2) Between 2002 and 2007, six simulation results of three iGCMs (GISS E, LMDZ4, and MIROC32) were fused using CNN fusion method.\n
(3) For the period from 1969 to 1978, the CNN fusion method was used to fuse four simulations of three iGCMs (CAM2, GISS E, and HadAM3).\n
(4) For the period of 1958-1968, two BCM were used to calibrate two iGCM simulations (CAM2 and HadAM3), and then the ensemble average (the average of four simulations) was calculated.\n
(5) For the periods of 1870-1957 and 2008-2017, two BCMs were used to modify an iGCM simulation (HadAM3 for 1870-1957 and LMDZ4 amplification for 2008-2017), and then the ensemble average (the average of the two simulations) was calculated.\n
When using this dataset, it should be noted that the δ 18Op generated by CNN fusion method during the period of 1979-2007 may be more reliable, as the performance comparison between BCMs and DFMs shows that CNN fusion method performs better than BCMs, and the number of iGCM simulated data fusion used during this period is greater than other periods.
", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_acq_place": "Chinese Mainland", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_projection": "", "ds_process_way": "During the common period of 1969-2007, CNN fusion method was used to generate contour maps, and in other years, bias correction method was used to generate contour maps. The generated contour map displays a spatiotemporal distribution similar to the observed data, which is reliable and useful, and can provide strong support for tracking atmospheric and hydrological processes.", "ds_ref_instruction": "" } }, "submit_center_id": "ncdc", "data_level": 0, "license_type": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "doi_reg_from": "reg_outside", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_outside", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "iGCMs", "模拟数据", "降水氧", "等值线图" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "地理学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "中国大陆" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 ], "ds_contributors": [ { "true_name": "陈杰", "email": "jiechen@whu.edu.cn", "work_for": "武汉大学", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_meta_authors": [ { "true_name": "陈杰", "email": "jiechen@whu.edu.cn", "work_for": "武汉大学", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_managers": [ { "true_name": "陈杰", "email": "jiechen@whu.edu.cn", "work_for": "武汉大学", "country": "中国" } ], "category": "气象" }