数据来源于联合国粮农组织（FAO）和维也纳国际应用系统研究所(IIASA)所构建的世界土壤数据库(Harmonized World Soil Database version 1.2 )(HWSD)。中国境内数据源为第二次全国土地调查南京土壤所所提供的1：100万土壤数据。该数据可为建模者提供模型输入参数,农业角度可用来研究生态农业分区,粮食安全和气候变化等。采用的土壤分类系统主要为FAO-90。
\n1、核心土壤制度单元唯一验证标识符：
\n(1)MU_GLOBAL-HWSD数据库土壤制图单元标示符，连接了GIS图层。\n
\n(2)MU_SOURCE1 和 MU_SOURCE2- 源数据库制图单元标识符
\n(3)SEQ-土壤制图单元组成中的土壤单元序列；
\n土壤分类系统利用FAO-7分类系统或 FAO-90分类系统(SU_SYM74 resp. SU_SYM90)或FAO-85(SU_SYM85).
\n2、土壤属性表主要字段包括：
\nID(数据库ID)
\nMU_GLOBAL(土壤单元标识符)（全球）
\nSU_SYMBOL 土壤制图单元
\nSU_SYM74(FAO74分类)
\nSU_SYM85(FAO85分类)
\nSU_SYM90（FAO90土壤分类系统中土壤名称)
\nSU_CODE 土壤制图单元代码
\nSU_CODE74 土壤单元名称
\nSU_CODE85 土壤单元名称
\nSU_CODE90 土壤单元名称\nDRAINAGE(19.5);
\nREF_DEPTH(土壤参考深度)
\nAWC_CLASS(19.5)
\nAWC_CLASS(土壤有效水含量)
\nPHASE1: Real (土壤相位)
\nPHASE2: String (土壤相位)
\nROOTS: String (到土壤底部存在障碍的深度分类)
\nSWR: String (土壤含水量特征)
\nADD_PROP: Real (土壤单元中与农业用途有关的特定土壤类型)
\nT_TEXTURE(顶层土壤质地)
\nT_GRAVEL: Real (顶层碎石体积百分比)(单位：%vol.)
\nT_SAND: Real (顶层沙含量) (单位：% wt.)
\nT_SILT: Real (表层粉沙粒含量) (单位：% wt.)
\nT_CLAY: Real (顶层粘土含量) (单位：% wt.)
\nT_USDA_TEX: Real (顶层USDA土壤质地分类) (单位：name)
\nT_REF_BULK: Real (顶层土壤容重) (单位：kg/dm3.)
\nT_OC: Real (顶层有机碳含量) (单位：% weight)
\nT_PH_H2O: Real (顶层酸碱度) (单位：-log(H+))
\nT_CEC_CLAY: Real (顶层粘性层土壤的阳离子交换能力) (单位：cmol/kg)
\nT_CEC_SOIL: Real (顶层土壤的阳离子交换能力) (单位：cmol/kg)
\nT_BS: Real (顶层基本饱和度) (单位：%)
\nT_TEB: Real (顶层交换性盐基)(单位：cmol/kg)
\nT_CACO3: Real (顶层碳酸盐或石灰含量) (单位：% weight)
\nT_CASO4: Real (顶层硫酸盐含量)(单位：% weight)
\nT_ESP: Real (顶层可交换钠盐)(单位：%)
\nT_ECE: Real (顶层电导率) (单位：dS/m)
\nS_GRAVEL: Real (底层碎石体积百分比)(单位：%vol.)
\nS_SAND: Real (底层沙含量) (单位：% wt.)
\nS_SILT: Real (底层淤泥含量) (单位：% wt.)
\nS_CLAY: Real (底层粘土含量) (单位：% wt.)\nS_USDA_TEX: Real (底层USDA土壤质地分类) (单位：name)
\nS_REF_BULK: Real (底层土壤容重) (单位：kg/dm3.)
\nS_OC: Real (底层有机碳含量) (单位：% weight)
\nS_PH_H2O: Real (底层酸碱度) (单位：-log(H+))
\nS_CEC_CLAY: Real (底层粘性层土壤的阳离子交换能力) (单位：cmol/kg)
\nS_CEC_SOIL: Real (底层土壤的阳离子交换能力) (单位：cmol/kg)
\nS_BS: Real (底层基本饱和度) (单位：%)
\nS_TEB: Real (底层交换性盐基)(单位：cmol/kg)
\nS_CACO3: Real (底层碳酸盐或石灰含量) (单位：% weight)
\nS_CASO4: Real (底层硫酸盐含量)(单位：% weight)
\nS_ESP: Real (底层可交换钠盐)(单位：%)
\nS_ECE: Real (底层电导率) (单位：dS/m)
\n本数据库分两层，其中以顶层（T）土壤厚度为（0-30cm），底层（S）土壤厚度为（30-100cm）
\n其他属性值请参考说明HWSD1.2_documentation文档.pdf，The Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD V1.2) Viewer-中文说明及HWSD.mdb。", "ds_source": "
数据来源于联合国粮农组织（FAO）和维也纳国际应用系统研究所(IIASA)所构建的世界土壤数据库(Harmonized World Soil Database version 1.2 )(HWSD).
\n网址：https://www.fao.org/soils-portal/data-hub/soil-maps-and-databases/harmonized-world-soil-database-v12/en/", "ds_process_way": "
采用的土壤分类系统主要为FAO-90。
", "ds_quality": "数据质量良好。
", "ds_acq_start_time": "1995-01-01 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "1995-12-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "全球", "ds_acq_lon_east": 180.0, "ds_acq_lat_south": -90.0, "ds_acq_lon_west": -180.0, "ds_acq_lat_north": 90.0, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "login-access", "ds_total_size": 26304171, "ds_files_count": 4, "ds_format": "bil", "ds_space_res": null, "ds_time_res": "", "ds_coordinate": "WGS84", "ds_projection": "+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs", "ds_thumbnail": "1fdf7dc7-7ecb-4e1f-a5df-30f7196756a8.png", "ds_thumb_from": 2, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "数据引用请参照FAO官方网站（https://www.fao.org/soils-portal/data-hub/soil-maps-and-databases/harmonized-world-soil-database-v12/en/）", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "52b7b79b-860c-49a5-9083-9a70cf8bed5a", "ds_serv_man": "敏玉芳", "ds_serv_phone": "0931-4967596", "ds_serv_mail": "ncdc@lzb.ac.cn", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "170.4510" ], "quality_level": 3, "publish_time": "2023-01-17 10:50:19", "last_updated": "2025-04-24 16:20:32", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "11738.11.ncdc.nieer.db2701.2023", "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Soil Dataset Based on the Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD v1.2)", "ds_format": "bil", "ds_source": "Data sourced from the Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD v1.2) developed by FAO and IIASA(https://www.fao.org/soils-portal/data-hub/soil-maps-and-databases/harmonized-world-soil-database-v12/en/)
", "ds_quality": "The data quality is good.
", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_abstract": "The data originates from the Harmonized World Soil Database version 1.2 (HWSD), jointly developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA). Data for China are sourced from the 1:1,000,000-scale soil data provided by the Nanjing Institute of Soil Science during the Second National Land Survey. This dataset serves as input parameters for modeling and supports research on agro-ecological zoning, food security, and climate change from an agricultural perspective. The primary soil classification system used is FAO-90.\n
1、Core Soil Mapping Unit Identifiers:\n(1)MU_GLOBAL: Unique identifier for soil mapping units in the HWSD, linked to GIS layers.
\n(2)MU_SOURCE1 and MU_SOURCE2: Source database identifiers for mapping units.\n(3)SEQ: Sequence of soil units within composite mapping units.
\n(4)Soil classification systems include FAO-7 (SU_SYM74), FAO-85 (SU_SYM85), and FAO-90 (SU_SYM90).
\n2、Key Soil Attribute Fields:
\n(1)ID: Database ID
\n(2)MU_GLOBAL: Global soil unit identifier
\n(3)SU_SYMBOL: Soil mapping unit symbol
\n(4)SU_SYM74: FAO-74 classification
\n(5)SU_SYM85: FAO-85 classification
\n(6)SU_SYM90: FAO-90 classification
\n(7)SU_CODE: Soil mapping unit code
\n(8)SU_CODE74/SU_CODE85/SU_CODE90: Soil unit codes under respective FAO systems
\n(9)DRAINAGE: Drainage class (19.5)
\n(10)REF_DEPTH: Reference soil depth
\n(11)AWC_CLASS: Available water capacity class (19.5)
\n(12)PHASE1 (Real)/PHASE2 (String): Soil phase descriptors
\n(13)ROOTS (String): Depth classification to restrictive layers
\n(14)SWR (String): Soil water retention characteristics
\n(15)ADD_PROP (Real): Soil type relevance to agricultural use
\n(16)T_TEXTURE: Topsoil texture
\n(17)T_GRAVEL (Unit: % vol.): Gravel content in topsoil
\n(18)T_SAND/T_SILT/T_CLAY (Unit: % wt.): Sand, silt, and clay content in topsoil
\n(19)T_USDA_TEX (Unit: name): USDA texture classification (topsoil)
\n(20)T_REF_BULK (Unit: kg/dm³): Topsoil bulk density
\n(21)T_OC (Unit: % wt.): Topsoil organic carbon
\n(22)T_PH_H2O (Unit: -log(H⁺)): Topsoil pH
\n(23)T_CEC_CLAY/T_CEC_SOIL (Unit: cmol/kg): Cation exchange capacity (clay layer/topsoil)
\n(24)T_BS (Unit: %): Base saturation (topsoil)
\n(25)T_TEB (Unit: cmol/kg): Exchangeable bases (topsoil)
\n(26)T_CACO3/T_CASO4 (Unit: % wt.): Carbonate/lime and sulfate content (topsoil)
\n(27)T_ESP (Unit: %): Exchangeable sodium percentage (topsoil)
\n(28)T_ECE (Unit: dS/m): Electrical conductivity (topsoil)
\nThe database divides soil into two layers: topsoil (0–30 cm) and subsoil (30–100 cm). For additional attributes, refer to the documentation: HWSD1.2_documentation.pdf, The Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD V1.2) Viewer (Chinese documentation), and HWSD.mdb.
", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_acq_place": "Global", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_projection": "+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs", "ds_process_way": "The primary soil classification system is FAO-90.", "ds_ref_instruction": "Please refer to FAO official website for data reference（ https://www.fao.org/soils-portal/data-hub/soil-maps-and-databases/harmonized-world-soil-database-v12/en/ ）" } }, "submit_center_id": "ncdc", "data_level": 0, "recommendation_value": 0, "license_type": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "belong_to_nieer": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "碎石体积", "HWSD", "土壤质地", "土壤", "土壤含水量", "有机碳含量" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "自然地理学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "全球" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 1995 ], "ds_contributors": [ { "true_name": "FAO SOILS PORTAL", "email": "FAO-HQ@fao.org", "work_for": "Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO)", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_meta_authors": [ { "true_name": "李红星", "email": "lihongxing@lzb.ac.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_managers": [ { "true_name": "敏玉芳", "email": "myf@lzb.ac.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院", "country": "中国" } ], "category": "基础地理" }