该数据集包含了2014年1月1日至2014年12月31日黑河水文气象观测网上游阿柔超级站气象要素梯度观测系统数据。站点位于青海省祁连县阿柔乡草达坂村，下垫面是高寒草地。观测点的经纬度是100.4643E,38.0473N，海拔3033m。空气温度、相对湿度、风速传感器分别架设在1m、2m、5m、10m、15m、25m处，共6层，朝向正北；风向传感器架设在10m处，朝向正北；气压计安装在2m处；翻斗式雨量计安装在阿柔超级站40m观测塔上；四分量辐射仪安装在5m处，朝向正南；两个红外温度计安装在5m处，朝向正南，探头朝向是垂直向下；光合有效辐射仪安装在5m处，朝向正南，探头朝向是垂直向上；土壤部分传感器埋设在塔体正南方向2m处，其中土壤热流板（自校正式）（3块）均埋设在地下6cm处；平均土壤温度传感器TCAV埋设在地下2cm、4cm处；土壤温度探头埋设在地表0cm和地下2cm、4cm、6cm、10cm、15cm、20cm、30cm、40cm、60cm、80cm、120cm、160cm、200cm、240cm、280cm、320cm处，其中4cm和10cm这两层有三个重复；土壤水分传感器分别埋设在地下2cm、4cm、6cm、10cm、15cm、20cm、30cm、40cm、60cm、80cm、120cm、160cm、200cm、240cm、280cm、320cm处，其中4cm和10cm这两层有三个重复。
\n观测项目有：风速（WS_1m、WS_2m、WS_5m、WS_10m、WS_15m、WS_25m）(单位：米/秒)、风向（WD_10m）(单位：度)、空气温湿度（Ta_1m、Ta_2m、Ta_5m、Ta_10m、Ta_15m、Ta_25m和RH_1m、RH_2m、RH_5m、RH_10m、RH_15m、RH_25m）(单位：摄氏度、百分比)、气压（Press）(单位：百帕)、降水量（Rain）(单位：毫米)、四分量辐射（DR、UR、DLR_Cor、ULR_Cor、Rn）(单位：瓦/平方米)、地表辐射温度（IRT_1、IRT_2）(单位：摄氏度)、光合有效辐射（PAR）(单位：微摩尔/平方米秒)、平均土壤温度（TCAV）(单位：摄氏度)、土壤热通量（Gs_1、Gs_2、Gs_3）(单位：瓦/平方米)、土壤水分（Ms_2cm、Ms_4cm_1、Ms_4cm_2、Ms_4cm_3、Ms_6cm、Ms_10cm_1、Ms_10cm_2、Ms_10cm_3、Ms_15cm、Ms_20cm、Ms_30cm、Ms_40cm、Ms_60cm、Ms_80cm、Ms_120cm、Ms_160cm Ms_200cm、Ms_240cm、Ms_280cm、Ms_320cm）(单位：体积含水量，百分比)、土壤温度（Ts_0cm、Ts_2cm、Ts_4cm_1、Ts_4cm_2、Ts_4cm_3、Ts_6cm、Ts_10cm_1、Ts_10cm_2、Ts_10cm_3、Ts_15cm、Ts_20cm、Ts_30cm、Ts_40cm、Ts_60cm、Ts_80cm、Ts_120cm、Ts_160cm Ts_200cm、Ts_240cm、Ts_280cm、Ts_320cm）(单位：摄氏度)。
\n观测数据的处理与质量控制：（1）确保每天144个数据（每10min），若出现数据的缺失，则由-6999标示；土壤热通量G1在2014.1.1-1.19之间传感器维修，数据缺失；土壤热通量G3在2014.1.23-3.7之间传感器维修，数据缺失；（2）剔除有重复记录的时刻；（3）删除了明显超出物理意义或超出仪器量程的数据；（4）数据中以红字标示的部分为有疑问的数据；（5）日期和时间的格式统一，并且日期、时间在同一列。如，时间为：2014-6-10 10:30；（6）命名规则为：AWS+站点名称。
\n水文气象网或站点信息请参考Liu et al. (2018)，观测数据处理请参考Liu et al.(2011)。。
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