新基线地面辐射（NBSR）系统于2013 在上甸子（SDZ）区域全球大气监测站（GAW）建立，用于观测九种宽带辐射成分，即全球、直接、漫射和上涌短波辐照度（GSWI、DSWI、DifSWI 和 UpSWI）；光合有效辐射（PAR）；紫外线辐照度（UVAI 和 UVBI）；以及下沉和上涌长波辐照度（DnLWI 和 UpLWI）。为了测试1分钟的原始辐射数据，本研究基于成熟的方法，结合太阳辐照度数据集和仪器波段的光谱特征，提出了辐射数据质量控制混合算法（HARDQC）。随后，建立并评估了由 2013-2022 年多个时间尺度（即1分钟、每小时、每天、每月、每月平均每小时和每月平均每天）辐射数据组成的NBSR数据集。
", "ds_source": "基本气象要素（如近地面气温、气压、风向/风速、相对湿度和能见度）也在SDZ使用自动气象站（AWS）以1分钟间隔测量，并存储在HY3000数据记录器中。空气温度和相对湿度由安装在仪器防护罩内的湿度和温度探头HMP-115检测。气压由 PTB110 气压计检测，风速/风向由安装在 MOF 10米高塔顶的杯式风速计监测。能见度测量采用了安装在MOF上的DNQ1能见度仪。气象要素的原始数据由经验丰富的工程师按照世界气象组织的标准精心处理，以获得高质量的气象数据集。
", "ds_process_way": "NBSR数据集由五个多时分辨率数据集组成，即 1分钟数据集（L1B）、小时数据集（L2A）、日数据集（L2B）、月平均小时数据集（L3A）和月平均日数据集（L3B）。首先，将 HARDQC 方法与辐照度和气象要素的1分钟原始数据一起应用，生成L1B数据集。L1B数据集包含一个标题记录和六组实际数据。其次，利用统计方法从L1B数据集中得出每小时数据集（L2A）。需要注意的是，在计算每小时统计数据（即每小时平均值、最小值、最大值和标准偏差）时，只选择了 QC_flag ≤2 的 1分钟辐射数据，而不是理想的QC_flag = 0，这说明在保留尽可能多的每小时数据样本和确保每小时数据具有相对较高的质量之间进行了折中。第三，日数据集（L2B）是在 L2A 数据集的基础上衍生出来的，当一天中每小时数据的实际数量大于其一天中最大值的 90% 时，每个日数据都是根据每小时数据计算出来的。最后，将L2A和L2B数据集作为输入，当一个月中有效的L2A和L2B文件数大于25个时，就可分别得到月平均小时数据集(L3A)和月平均日数据集(L3B)。
", "ds_quality": "从理论上讲，长波辐射分量1分钟原始数据的最大数量在普通年为525600个，在闰年为527040 个，而短波辐射分量数据的数量约为前者的一半，因为夜间记录的短波辐射为空值。然而，由于仪器故障、不正确操作和天气事件等干扰因素，辐射的实际测量次数少于理论值。在整个期间，NBSR几乎连续观测到DnLWI，数据数量从480148到 527035不等。然而，在2015 年、2016年和 2017年，UpLWI严重不足，此外， PARI的有效数据 132939（2021 年）到 182273（2016 年），UVAI/UVBI 的数据 81162（2014 年）到 146007/144 830（2017 年）。另一方面，由于数据记录器误差设置的影响，UpSWI在2016年（0）、2015 年（11409）和 2017年（79053）的数据较少，但在其他年份则超过 185666。
", "ds_acq_start_time": "2013-01-01 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2022-12-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "中国上甸子区域", "ds_acq_lon_east": 117.13305555555554, "ds_acq_lat_south": 40.61666666666667, "ds_acq_lon_west": 117.09972222222221, "ds_acq_lat_north": 40.65, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "open-access", "ds_total_size": 417280, "ds_files_count": 2, "ds_format": "excel", "ds_space_res": null, "ds_time_res": "1分钟、每小时、每天、每月、每月", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "5b95ce70-46d9-4047-9d71-2ee9f8f9fb40.jpg", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "99c0a56f-14cb-4cfc-a9a1-bb4b8d16a658", "ds_serv_man": "敏玉芳", "ds_serv_phone": "0931-4967596", "ds_serv_mail": "ncdc@lzb.ac.cn", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "170.45" ], "quality_level": 3, "publish_time": "2024-05-22 09:01:14", "last_updated": "2025-05-29 11:22:03", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "11738.11.NCDC.PANGAEA.DB6464.2024", "i18n": { "en": { "title": "A quality-assured dataset of nine radiation components observed at the Shangdianzi regional GAW station in China (2013–2022)", "ds_format": "excel", "ds_source": "Basic meteorological elements, such as near ground temperature, air pressure, wind direction/speed, relative humidity, and visibility, are also measured at 1-minute intervals using automatic weather stations (AWS) in SDZ and stored in the HY3000 data logger. The air temperature and relative humidity are detected by the humidity and temperature probe HMP-115 installed inside the instrument protective cover. The air pressure is detected by a PTB110 barometer, and the wind speed/direction is monitored by a cup anemometer installed at the top of a 10 meter high MOF tower. The visibility measurement used a DNQ1 visibility meter installed on the MOF. The raw data of meteorological elements are carefully processed by experienced engineers according to the standards of the World Meteorological Organization to obtain high-quality meteorological datasets.
", "ds_quality": "In theory, the maximum number of 1-minute raw data for longwave radiation components is 525600 in normal years and 527040 in leap years, while the number of shortwave radiation component data is about half of the former because the shortwave radiation recorded at night is null. However, due to interference factors such as instrument malfunctions, incorrect operations, and weather events, the actual number of measurements of radiation is less than the theoretical value. Throughout the entire period, NBSR observed DnLWI almost continuously, with data quantities ranging from 480148 to 527035. However, in 2015, 2016, and 2017, UpLWI was severely lacking. In addition, effective data for PARI ranged from 132939 (2021) to 182273 (2016), and data for UVAI/UVBI ranged from 81162 (2014) to 146007/144 830 (2017). On the other hand, due to the influence of data logger error settings, UpSWI had less data in 2016 (0), 2015 (11409), and 2017 (79053), but exceeded 185666 in other years.
", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_abstract": "The New Baseline Ground Radiation (NBSR) system was established in 2013 at the Global Atmospheric Monitoring Station (GAW) in the Shangdianzi (SDZ) region to observe nine broadband radiation components, namely global, direct, diffuse, and upwelling shortwave irradiance (GSWI, DSWI, DifSWI, and UpSWI); Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR); Ultraviolet irradiance (UVAI and UVBI); And sinking and upwelling longwave irradiance (DnLWI and UpLWI). In order to test 1-minute raw radiation data, this study proposes a hybrid algorithm for radiation data quality control (HARDQC) based on mature methods, combined with solar irradiance datasets and spectral characteristics of instrument bands. Subsequently, an NBSR dataset consisting of radiation data from multiple time scales (i.e. 1-minute, hourly, daily, monthly, monthly average hourly, and monthly average daily) from 2013 to 2022 was established and evaluated.
", "ds_time_res": "1分钟、每小时、每天、每月、每月", "ds_acq_place": "Shangdianzi region in China", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_projection": "", "ds_process_way": "The NBSR dataset consists of five multi temporal resolution datasets, namely the 1-minute dataset (L1B), hourly dataset (L2A), daily dataset (L2B), monthly average hourly dataset (L3A), and monthly average daily dataset (L3B). Firstly, the HARDQC method is applied together with 1-minute raw data of irradiance and meteorological elements to generate the L1B dataset. The L1B dataset contains a title record and six sets of actual data. Secondly, use statistical methods to obtain the hourly dataset (L2A) from the L1B dataset. It should be noted that when calculating hourly statistical data (i.e. hourly mean, minimum value, maximum value, and standard deviation), only 1-minute radiation data with QC_flag ≤ 2 was selected, rather than the ideal QC_flag=0. This indicates a compromise between retaining as many hourly data samples as possible and ensuring that the hourly data has relatively high quality. Thirdly, the daily dataset (L2B) is derived from the L2A dataset. When the actual amount of data per hour in a day exceeds 90% of its maximum value, each day's data is calculated based on the hourly data. Finally, taking the L2A and L2B datasets as inputs, when the number of valid L2A and L2B files in a month exceeds 25, the monthly average hourly dataset (L3A) and monthly average daily dataset (L3B) can be obtained respectively.
", "ds_ref_instruction": "" } }, "submit_center_id": "ncdc", "data_level": 0, "license_type": "CC BY 4.0", "doi_reg_from": "reg_outside", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_outside", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "漫射", "光合有效辐射（PAR）", "紫外线辐照度（UVAI 和 UVBI）", "原始辐射数据" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "地理学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "中国上甸子区域" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 ], "ds_contributors": [ { "true_name": "权维俊", "email": "quanquan78430@163.com", "work_for": "京津冀环境气象预报预警中心", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_meta_authors": [ { "true_name": "权维俊", "email": "quanquan78430@163.com", "work_for": "京津冀环境气象预报预警中心", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_managers": [ { "true_name": "权维俊", "email": "quanquan78430@163.com", "work_for": "京津冀环境气象预报预警中心", "country": "中国" } ], "category": "气象" }