作为全球甲烷排放第一大来源，精准测算、追踪我国各行业甲烷排放量，对全球气候治理至关重要。甲烷是强效温室气体，排放源涵盖人为与自然多类，多数排放具有明显时间波动特征。其中水稻种植、能源消耗、畜禽养殖相关甲烷排放季节性尤为突出，但此前缺少高时间分辨率、精细化空间的排放清单。本研究构建中国省级月度甲烷排放清单（MMCP），数据集时段为 2013 年 1 月-2022 年 12 月，涵盖煤炭开采、油气系统、能源燃烧、水稻种植、畜禽、固废、污水、湿地八大排放门类。该清单分行业、逐月量化排放，可为科研攻关、减排政策研判、控污方案编制提供重要支撑，助力厘清甲烷排放演变规律，提升大气甲烷浓度与气候反馈模拟精度。\n
MMCP 数据集包含 2013 年 1 月至 2022 年中国大陆 31 个省级行政区月度甲烷数据，覆盖上述八大排放源。清单编制遵循《IPCC 2006 年国家温室气体清单指南》及其 2019 修订版，采用自下而上核算方法，结合各行业数据禀赋与排放特征选用差异化测算方案：化石能源燃烧、油气、煤炭开采行业依托日/月度活动数据直接核算；而生物质燃烧、水稻种植、固废等行业仅能获取年度统计数据，研究借助 PM2.5排放、甲烷实地通量、气温、月度工业产值等代用指标实现年数据逐月拆分。研究通过与自上而下、自下而上多套已有排放成果交叉验证，并分省份、分行业开展不确定性分析，保障省级月度甲烷核算结果可靠。", "ds_source": "", "ds_process_way": "", "ds_quality": "", "ds_acq_start_time": "2013-01-01 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2022-12-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "中国大陆", "ds_acq_lon_east": null, "ds_acq_lat_south": null, "ds_acq_lon_west": null, "ds_acq_lat_north": null, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "open-access", "ds_total_size": 1067632, "ds_files_count": 0, "ds_format": "*.xlsx", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "月", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "5be6739e-d586-4a22-8144-3ee03b733d84.png", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "a4dd5849-78f2-44c5-b0f1-3450e952b2a2", "ds_serv_man": null, "ds_serv_phone": null, "ds_serv_mail": null, "doi_value": "10.12072/ncdc.atmosphere.db7471.2026", "subject_codes": [ "170.15" ], "quality_level": 0, "publish_time": "2026-06-26 09:17:20", "last_updated": "2026-06-26 09:17:20", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "11738.11.ncdc.atmosphere.db7471.2026", "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Monthly methane emissions in Chinese mainland provinces from 2013-2022", "ds_format": "*.xlsx", "ds_source": "", "ds_quality": "", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_abstract": "
As the world’s largest source of methane emissions, accurately measuring and tracking China’s emissions across various sectors is essential for global climate change efforts. Methane, a potent greenhouse gas, is emitted from diverse anthropogenic and natural sources, many of which exhibit pronounced temporal variability. In particular, emissions from rice cultivation, energy use, and livestock management show strong seasonal patterns, yet high-frequency and spatially detailed methane emission inventories have been lacking. This study introduces the Monthly Methane Emission Inventory for China’s Provinces (MMCP), a comprehensive dataset covering the period from January 2013 to December 2022. The dataset includes emissions data from eight key sectors: coal mining, oil and gas systems, energy combustion, rice cultivation, livestock, solid waste, wastewater, and wetlands. By offering sector-specific and temporally resolved emission estimates, MMCP serves as a valuable resource for scientific research, policy evaluation, and emission mitigation planning. This inventory facilitates improved understanding of emission trends and supports more accurate modeling of atmospheric methane concentrations and climate feedbacks.\r\n
The MMCP dataset contains monthly methane data covering 31 provincial-level administrative regions across mainland China from January 2013 to 2022, which covers the eight emission sources mentioned above. The inventory compilation follows the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories and its 2019 Refinement, and adopts a bottom-up accounting approach. Differentiated calculation schemes are selected according to data availability and emission characteristics of each sector: emissions from fossil fuel combustion, oil and gas exploitation, and coal mining industries are directly estimated using daily and monthly activity data. In contrast, only annual statistical data are available for sectors including biomass burning, rice cultivation, and solid waste disposal. Therefore, proxy indicators such as PM2.5 emissions, in-situ methane flux observations, air temperature, and monthly industrial output value are employed to disaggregate annual data into monthly values. Cross-validation with multiple existing top-down and bottom-up emission datasets, together with uncertainty analysis at provincial and sectoral scales, is conducted to ensure the reliability of provincial monthly methane estimation results.", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_acq_place": "the mainland of China", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_projection": "", "ds_process_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "" } }, "submit_center_id": "ncdc", "data_level": 0, "recommendation_value": 0, "license_type": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "belong_to_nieer": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "甲烷排放", "省级", "MMCP" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "大气科学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "中国大陆" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 ], "ds_contributors": [ { "true_name": "崔铎", "email": "duocui@hku.hk", "work_for": "香港大学地球科学系", "country": "中国" }, { "true_name": "刘竹", "email": "zhuliu@tsinghua.edu.cn", "work_for": "清华大学地球系统科学系", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_meta_authors": [ { "true_name": "崔铎", "email": "duocui@hku.hk", "work_for": "香港大学地球科学系", "country": "中国" }, { "true_name": "刘竹", "email": "zhuliu@tsinghua.edu.cn", "work_for": "清华大学地球系统科学系", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_managers": [ { "true_name": "崔铎", "email": "duocui@hku.hk", "work_for": "香港大学地球科学系", "country": "中国" } ], "category": "大气本底" }