对流层顶折叠是平流层向对流层输送（STT）的核心主导机制，显著影响对流层臭氧、区域空气质量与天气过程。但目前仍缺乏中国区域多年高分辨率对流层顶折叠数据集。为填补这一空白，本数据基于 ERA5 再分析资料，采用三维识别标定方法，构建了2014-2023 年中国及周边地区对流层顶折叠完备数据集。\n
该数据集具备10 年连续时序覆盖，同时拥有业界罕见的0.25°×0.25° 高空间分辨率，逐小时时间分辨率，可支撑精细解析区域内对流层顶折叠的时空演变特征。通过与全球同类数据集比对、多组平流层侵入个例验证，证实本数据集精度可靠，可完整捕捉对流层顶折叠事件的生消演变过程。\n
该高分辨率数据集既与以往大尺度气候态研究结果一致，又能刻画传统低分辨率数据被平滑掉的精细空间结构。同时数据集揭示了中国区域对流层顶折叠独特的时空分布规律：中国对流层顶折叠事件冬春季频发、夏秋季频次显著偏低；空间上，浅层折叠集中在副热带急流带；中等强度折叠冬季高发区位于青藏高原、四川盆地；深层折叠虽发生频次较低，但对包含青藏高原在内的中国西南地区影响显著，可明显改变近地面臭氧浓度。\n
本数据集可为深入研究平流层-对流层输送机理、气候态特征，以及对流层顶折叠对近地面大气组分、极端天气的影响提供可靠基础数据，是大气科学领域极具价值的共享资源。", "ds_source": "", "ds_process_way": "", "ds_quality": "", "ds_acq_start_time": "2014-01-01 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2023-12-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "中国及周边地区", "ds_acq_lon_east": 140.0, "ds_acq_lat_south": 0.0, "ds_acq_lon_west": 50.0, "ds_acq_lat_north": 70.0, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "open-access", "ds_total_size": 23608069746, "ds_files_count": 0, "ds_format": "*.gz", "ds_space_res": "0.25°", "ds_time_res": "小时", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "5cb146d0-7a00-4320-bf7a-8fb7b9fdf3db.png", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "0a4269e1-65f4-45f1-aeba-88ea3068eebf", "ds_serv_man": "李红星", "ds_serv_phone": "0931-4967592", "ds_serv_mail": "ncdc@lzb.ac.cn", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "170.15" ], "quality_level": 0, "publish_time": "2026-05-26 15:46:19", "last_updated": "2026-05-26 15:46:19", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "11738.11.ncdc.atmosphere.db7400.2026", "i18n": { "en": { "title": "A high-resolution tropopause folding dataset over China from 2014–2023", "ds_format": "*.gz", "ds_source": "", "ds_quality": "", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_abstract": "
Tropopause folding is the core dominant mechanism of stratospheric transport (STT), which significantly affects tropospheric ozone, regional air quality and weather processes. However, there is still a lack of multi-year high-resolution tropopause folding data sets in the China region. In order to fill this gap, this data is based on ERA5 reanalysis data and uses three-dimensional identification and calibration methods to build a complete data set of tropopause folding in China and surrounding areas from 2014 to 2023.\r\n
This dataset has 10 years of continuous time series coverage, and also has a rare high spatial resolution of 0.25°×0.25° and hourly temporal resolution, which can support fine analysis of the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of tropopause folding in the region. Through comparison with similar data sets around the world and verification of multiple groups of stratospheric intrusion cases, it is confirmed that the accuracy of this data set is reliable and can completely capture the generation, death and evolution process of tropopause folding events.\r\n
This high-resolution dataset is not only consistent with the results of previous large-scale climate state studies, but also can depict the fine spatial structure of traditional low-resolution data that has been smoothed out. At the same time, the data set reveals the unique temporal and spatial distribution laws of tropopause folding in China: tropopause folding events occur frequently in winter and spring in China, and the frequency is significantly low in summer and autumn; spatially, shallow folding is concentrated in the subtropical jet stream; Moderate intensity folding The high-incidence areas in winter are located on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Sichuan Basin; although the frequency of deep folding is relatively low, it has a significant impact on southwestern China, including the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and can significantly change the near-surface ozone concentration.\r\n
This data set can provide reliable basic data for in-depth research on stratosphere-troposphere transport mechanisms, climatic characteristics, and the impact of tropopause folding on near-surface atmospheric components and extreme weather. It is a valuable shared resource in the field of atmospheric science.", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_acq_place": "China and surrounding areas", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_projection": "", "ds_process_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "" } }, "submit_center_id": "ncdc", "data_level": 0, "recommendation_value": 0, "license_type": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "对流层顶折叠", "STT", "三维识别标定方法" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "大气科学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "中国及周边地区" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 ], "ds_contributors": [ { "true_name": "曹乐", "email": "le.cao@nuist.edu.cn", "work_for": "南京信息工程大学", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_meta_authors": [ { "true_name": "曹乐", "email": "le.cao@nuist.edu.cn", "work_for": "南京信息工程大学", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_managers": [ { "true_name": "曹乐", "email": "le.cao@nuist.edu.cn", "work_for": "南京信息工程大学", "country": "中国" } ], "category": "大气本底" }