冻土图的编制依据包括：（1）冻土野外调查、勘探实测资料；（2）航空像片和卫星影像判译；（3）TOPO30 1km分辨率的地面高程数据；（4）气温和地面温度资料。其中，青藏高原的冻土分布采用了南卓铜等（2002）的研究结果，以年平均地温0.5 ℃作为多年冻土与季节冻土的界限，参考《中国冰雪冻土图》（1：400万）（施雅风 等，1988）划定高原不连续多年冻土与高原岛状多年冻土的界限；另外，参考东北大小兴安岭多年冻土分区图（郭东信 等，1981）、环北极多年冻土和地下冰分布图（Brown et al. 1997）和最新野外实测资料，对东北的多年冻土界线进行了修订；西北高山多年冻土界线多采用了《中国冰雪冻土图》（1：400万）（施雅风 等，1988）中划定的界线。
\n\n更多信息参考《1：400万中国冰川冻土沙漠图》说明书（中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所，2006）。
", "ds_source": "根据该数据统计的中国多年冻土区面积1.75×106km2，约占中国领土的18.25％。其中，高山多年冻土0.29×106km2，约占我国领土面积的3.03％。
", "ds_process_way": "利用青藏公路沿线76个钻孔实测年平均地温数据，进行回归统计分析，获取年平均地温与纬度、高程的关系，并基于该关系，结合GTOPO30高程数据（美国地质调查局地球资源观测与科技中心领导下发展的全球1km数字高程模型数据）模拟得到整个青藏高原范围上的年平均地温分布。
", "ds_quality": "数据质量优
", "ds_acq_start_time": "1988-01-01 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "1988-12-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "中国", "ds_acq_lon_east": 135.5, "ds_acq_lat_south": 17.766666666666666, "ds_acq_lon_west": 73.19972222222222, "ds_acq_lat_north": 53.86666666666667, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "login-access", "ds_total_size": 90240541, "ds_files_count": 3, "ds_format": "栅格", "ds_space_res": "40000.0m", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_coordinate": "WGS84", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "64702ee5-efbd-409c-87ee-25cb79fc06d3.png", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "9c4867b1-5cb1-4de0-abeb-df42547bf41e", "ds_serv_man": "敏玉芳", "ds_serv_phone": "0931-4967596", "ds_serv_mail": "ncdc@lzb.ac.cn", "doi_value": "10.12072/ncdc.Westdc.db2412.2022", "subject_codes": [ "170.4510" ], "quality_level": 3, "publish_time": "2022-09-09 09:47:49", "last_updated": "2023-06-30 16:49:05", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "11738.11.ncdc.Westdc.2020.302", "i18n": { "en": { "title": "1:4,000,000 Map of the Glaciers, Frozen Ground and Deserts in China", "ds_format": "Raster", "ds_source": "According to the data, China's permafrost area is 1.75 × 106km2, accounting for 18.25% of China's territory. Among them, alpine permafrost is 0.29 × 106km2, accounting for about 3.03% of China's territory.", "ds_quality": "
Excellent data quality
", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_abstract": "The compilation basis of permafrost map includes: (1) field survey and exploration data of permafrost; (2) aerial photo and satellite image interpretation; (3) ground elevation data of Topo 30 1km resolution; (4) air temperature and ground temperature data. Among them, the Permafrost Distribution of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau is based on the research results of Nan Zhuo Tong et al. (2002), and the annual average ground temperature of 0.5 ℃ is taken as the boundary between permafrost and seasonal permafrost, referring to the map of China's ice and snow permafrost (1:4 million) (Shi Yafeng) In addition, according to the permafrost zoning map of Daxing'an Mountains and Xiaoxing'an Mountains in Northeast China (Guo Dongxin et al., 1981), the permafrost and ground ice distribution map around the Arctic (Brown et al The Permafrost Boundary in Northeast China has been revised based on the latest field data, and the Permafrost Boundary in Northwest China mostly adopts the boundary defined in the map of ice and snow permafrost in China (1:4 million) (Shi Yafeng et al., 1988). </p>\n
\nAccording to the data, the permafrost area in China is about 1.75 × 106km2, accounting for 18.25% of China's territory. Among them, alpine permafrost is 0.29 × 106km2, accounting for about 3.03% of China's territory.
\nFor more information, please refer to the manual of \"1:4 million map of glaciers, permafrost and deserts in China\" (Institute of environment and Engineering in cold and arid regions, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2006).
", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_acq_place": "China", "ds_space_res": "40000.0m", "ds_projection": "", "ds_process_way": "Based on the regression analysis of the annual average ground temperature data of 76 boreholes along the Qinghai Tibet highway, the relationship between the annual average ground temperature and latitude and elevation is obtained. Based on this relationship, the annual average ground temperature of the whole Qinghai Tibet Plateau is simulated by combining the gtopo30 elevation data (Global 1km digital elevation model data developed under the leadership of the center for earth resources observation and science and technology of USGS) Average ground temperature distribution.
", "ds_ref_instruction": "" } }, "submit_center_id": "ncdc", "data_level": 0, "license_type": "CC BY 4.0", "ds_topic_tags": [ "冰川", "沙漠", "多年冻土", "冻土" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "自然地理学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "中国" ], "ds_time_tags": [], "ds_contributors": [ { "true_name": "王涛", "email": "wangtao@lzb.ac.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_meta_authors": [ { "true_name": "吴立宗", "email": "wulizong@pric.org.cn", "work_for": "国家极地科学数据中心", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_managers": [ { "true_name": "王涛", "email": "wangtao@lzb.ac.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院", "country": "中国" } ], "category": "冻土" }