北极海冰对区域和全球气候变化研究具有重要意义。卫星观测结果表明，北极海冰面积在过去 40 年中一直在下降。然而，由于卫星仪器无法直接测量北极海冰厚度（SIT），因此对其长期变化关注较少。在此，我们介绍了基于 ERS-2、Envisat 和 CryoSat-2 的多个雷达测高仪观测数据的北极海冰厚度月度产品。为确保 SIT 检索的准确性，我们提出了一种新颖的数据处理程序，包括导线检测、将自由板转换为厚度和任务间偏差校正。最后，我们生成了北冰洋从 1995 年 10 月到 2023 年 12 月的每月 SIT 估计值。厚度估计值发布在 5 km分辨率的极地立体网格上。我们从空间和时间分布方面分析了北冰洋 SIT 的变化。我们还将我们的 SIT 估计值与上视声纳（ULSs）和冰桥行动（OIB）的机载激光测高仪观测数据以及七个公开发布的北极 SIT 产品进行了比较。验证结果表明，我们的 SIT 产品与现有产品的精度相当。我们的产品在环境卫星期间的精度约为 0.4 m，在 CryoSat-2 期间的精度在 0.2 m以内。
", "ds_source": "从卫星测高和 PMW 数据中提取的七个公开可用的北极 SIT 产品,这些产品用于与SIT 产品进行比较。需要注意的是，这些基于卫星的 SIT 产品仅在 10 月至次年 4 月间可用，因为北极夏季的海冰融化池会导致测量问题。
", "ds_process_way": "基于 ERS-2、Envisat 和 CryoSat-2 的多个雷达测高仪观测数据的北极海冰厚度月度产品。为确保 SIT 检索的准确性，我们提出了一种新颖的数据处理程序，包括导线检测、将自由板转换为厚度和任务间偏差校正。最后，我们生成了北冰洋从 1995 年 10 月到 2023 年 12 月的每月 SIT 估计值。
", "ds_quality": "数据质量良好。
", "ds_acq_start_time": "1995-01-01 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2023-12-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "北极", "ds_acq_lon_east": null, "ds_acq_lat_south": null, "ds_acq_lon_west": null, "ds_acq_lat_north": null, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "open-access", "ds_total_size": 972549531, "ds_files_count": 2, "ds_format": "", "ds_space_res": null, "ds_time_res": "", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "826f96d6-7bc7-47f3-ac4e-98b87d6ad877.png", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "用户在使用数据时请在正文中明确声明数据的来源，并在参考文献部分引用本元数据提供的引用方式。", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "0a4269e1-65f4-45f1-aeba-88ea3068eebf", "ds_serv_man": "敏玉芳", "ds_serv_phone": "0931-4967596", "ds_serv_mail": "ncdc@lzb.ac.cn", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "170.45" ], "quality_level": 3, "publish_time": "2025-01-24 10:09:10", "last_updated": "2025-06-30 16:17:39", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "11738.11.NCDC.ZENODO.DB6752.2025", "i18n": { "en": { "title": "A monthly 5 km Arctic sea ice thickness product from 1995 to 2023 using multiple radar altimetry data", "ds_format": "", "ds_source": "seven publicly available Arctic SIT products derived from satellite altimetry and PMW data. These products were used to compare with our SIT product. It is important to note that these satellite-based SIT products are available only from October to April, as melt ponds on the sea ice during the Arctic summer months cause measurement issues.
", "ds_quality": "The data quality is good.
", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_abstract": "Arctic sea ice is of great importance to the regional and global climate change study. Satellite observations have demonstrated that the Arctic sea ice extent has been declined for the last four decades. However, long-term variations of the Arctic sea ice thickness (SIT) are less focused as SIT cannot be measured directly by satellite-based instruments. Here, we presented a monthly Arctic SIT product based on multiple radar altimetry observations from ERS-2, Envisat, and CryoSat-2. To ensure the accuracy of the SIT retrievals, we proposed a novel data processing procedure including leads detection, freeboard conversion to thickness and inter-mission bias correction. Finally, we were able to generate the monthly SIT estimates for the Arctic Ocean from October 1995 to December 2023. The thickness estimates are posted on a 5 km resolution polar stereographic grid. The variations of the Arctic SIT are analyzed in terms of the spatial and temporal distributions. We also compared our SIT estimates with observations from upward looking sonars (ULSs) and airborne laser altimetry from Operation IceBridge (OIB), as well as seven publicly released Arctic SIT products. The validation results demonstrate that our SIT product features equivalent accuracy with existing products. The accuracy of our products is about 0.4 m during Envisat period, and is within 0.2 m during CryoSat-2 period.
", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_acq_place": "arctic", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_projection": "", "ds_process_way": "we presented a monthly Arctic SIT product based on multiple radar altimetry observations from ERS-2, Envisat, and CryoSat-2. To ensure the accuracy of the SIT retrievals, we proposed a novel data processing procedure including leads detection, freeboard conversion to thickness and inter-mission bias correction. Finally, we were able to generate the monthly SIT estimates for the Arctic Ocean from October 1995 to December 2023.
", "ds_ref_instruction": "When using data, users should clearly declare the source of the data in the main text and cite the citation method provided by this metadata in the reference section." } }, "submit_center_id": "ncdc", "data_level": 0, "license_type": "CC BY 4.0", "doi_reg_from": "reg_outside", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_outside", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "北极", "海冰", "厚度", "雷达测高" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "地理学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "北极" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 ], "ds_contributors": [ { "true_name": "肖峰", "email": "shaw89@whu.edu.cn", "work_for": "武汉大学", "country": "中国" }, { "true_name": "张胜凯", "email": "zskai@whu.edu.cn", "work_for": "武汉大学", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_meta_authors": [ { "true_name": "肖峰", "email": "shaw89@whu.edu.cn", "work_for": "武汉大学", "country": "中国" }, { "true_name": "张胜凯", "email": "zskai@whu.edu.cn", "work_for": "武汉大学", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_managers": [ { "true_name": "肖峰", "email": "shaw89@whu.edu.cn", "work_for": "武汉大学", "country": "中国" }, { "true_name": "张胜凯", "email": "zskai@whu.edu.cn", "work_for": "武汉大学", "country": "中国" } ], "category": "冰川" }