该数据集为在我国冰雪赛事保障技术较为薄弱的背景下，为攻克高山滑雪的冰状雪赛道制作技术，试验团队与哈尔滨亚布力训练基地和密苑云顶滑雪公园，进行冰状雪雪赛道制作试验。数据内容包括试验气象数据，水压时长方案组合，以及赛道制作试验结果（密度、硬度、含水量、雪粒径、雪比表面积等物理参数数据）。我国进行冰状雪制作试验尚属首次，制作数据也为首次获得，将为高质量滑雪赛道研究提供数据支撑，推动我国冰雪产业高质量发展。
", "ds_source": "冰状雪赛道制作流程分为人工造雪、赛道压实、注水制作以及冰状雪赛道物理特性检测四个步骤。通过造雪机造雪，约3-7天完成了90 -100 cm的初始赛道制作，雪场雪道均为100 m长、30 m宽。后续通过压雪车对赛道进行压实试验过程中，发现压雪车压力传导局限于20-30 cm，因此采用间隔20cm分层制作赛道的方法。之后采用Steinbach-Alpin注水棒开展注水试验，水平移动距离约为10 cm。注水完成后经24 h静置冻结，再开展赛道物理性质的最终检测。
\n分别按不同水压和时长方案组合对密度、硬度、含水量、雪粒径、雪比表面积等物理参数进行检测。硬度通过冰雪硬度测量仪观测，该仪器通过电机带动精密滚珠丝杠驱动探头打入冰状雪赛道内部，并通过力传感器读取探头受到的反作用力的大小，从而测量雪层的连续硬度变化。为提高精度，采用静重式力标准机进行校正，并根据现场的温度校正零点漂移现象。\n
\n赛道密度检测采用重量-体积法。雪含水量等通过冰雪密度/含水量测量仪测获取，其原理为根据介电常数变化反演雪含水量。粒径则使用冰雪粒径自动检测仪检测，该设备通过近红外激光漫散射衰变获取雪面粗糙度，而积雪表面的粗糙程度由粒径决定，因此可以反演冰雪粒径变化；为提高检测精度，该设备还采用了低温补偿算法。
", "ds_process_way": "最终结果数据为通过观测仪器观测最终试验结果，并将观测结果按照不同天气条件，水压-时长组合分组整理。
", "ds_quality": "试验人员为中国气象科学研究院专业技术人员，并且经过专业人员培训，观测过程规范，观测数据可靠，数据质量良好。
", "ds_acq_start_time": "2020-12-01 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2021-12-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "亚布力训练基地,密苑云顶滑雪乐园试验现场", "ds_acq_lon_east": null, "ds_acq_lat_south": null, "ds_acq_lon_west": null, "ds_acq_lat_north": null, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "apply-access", "ds_total_size": 8251002, "ds_files_count": 4, "ds_format": ".xlsx", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "9d621a67-3d4d-4105-b919-092cb4b2cfb5.png", "ds_thumb_from": 2, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "本数据由“中国气象科学研究院”产生，用户在使用数据时请在正文中明确注明数据的来源，并在参考文献部分引用本元数据提供的引用方式。", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "52f86cb3-7bfa-4b4b-ae86-0e38af374716", "ds_serv_man": "李红星", "ds_serv_phone": "0931-4967592", "ds_serv_mail": "ncdc@lzb.ac.cn", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "170.4510" ], "quality_level": 3, "publish_time": "2023-07-10 10:44:36", "last_updated": "2026-05-20 16:19:17", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "11738.11.NCDC.T-SNOW.DB2889.2023", "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Ice shaped snow track production test results dataset", "ds_format": "", "ds_source": "The production process of ice snow track includes four steps: artificial snow making, track compaction, water injection production, and physical property testing of ice snow track. Using a snow making machine, the initial track production of 90-100cm was completed in about 3-7 days. The ski slopes are all 100m long and 30m wide. During the subsequent compaction test of the track by the snow roller, it was found that the pressure transmission of the snow roller was limited to 20-30 cm. Therefore, the track was made in layers with an interval of 20cm. Afterwards, a Steinbach Alpin water injection rod was used for water injection testing, with a horizontal movement distance of approximately 10 cm. After the water injection was completed, it was allowed to freeze for 24 hours before conducting final testing of the physical properties of the track.
\r\nDetect physical parameters such as density, hardness, moisture content, snow particle size, and snow specific surface area by combining different water pressure and duration schemes. The hardness is observed through an ice and snow hardness measuring instrument, which drives a precision ball screw probe into the interior of the icy snow track through a motor, and reads the magnitude of the reaction force received by the probe through a force sensor to measure the continuous hardness change of the snow layer. To improve accuracy, a static force standard machine is used for calibration, and the zero drift phenomenon is corrected based on the temperature on site.
\r\nThe track density detection adopts the weight volume method. The moisture content of snow is obtained by measuring the density/moisture content of ice and snow using an ice and snow density/moisture content measuring instrument. The principle is to invert the moisture content of snow based on changes in dielectric constant. The particle size is detected using an automatic ice and snow particle size detector, which obtains the roughness of the snow surface through near-infrared laser diffuse scattering decay. The roughness of the snow surface is determined by the particle size, so it can invert the changes in ice and snow particle size; To improve detection accuracy, the device also adopts a low-temperature compensation algorithm.
", "ds_quality": "The experimental personnel are professional technical personnel from the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, who have undergone professional training. The observation process is standardized, the observation data is reliable, and the data quality is good.
", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_abstract": "This dataset is designed to overcome the challenge of ice like snow track production technology for alpine skiing in the context of relatively weak ice and snow event guarantee technology in China. The experimental team conducted ice like snow track production experiments with Harbin Yabuli Training Base and Miyuan Yunding Ski Park. The data content includes experimental meteorological data, water pressure duration scheme combinations, and track production test results (physical parameter data such as density, hardness, moisture content, snow particle size, snow specific surface area, etc.). This is the first time that China has conducted experiments on ice like snow production, and the production data is also obtained for the first time. It will provide data support for high-quality skiing track research and promote the high-quality development of China's ice and snow industry.
", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_acq_place": "Yabuli Training Base and Miyuan Yunding Ski Park Test Site", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_projection": "", "ds_process_way": "The final result data is obtained by observing the final experimental results through observation instruments, and grouping and organizing the observation results according to different weather conditions and water pressure duration combinations.
", "ds_ref_instruction": "This data is generated by the China Academy of Meteorological Sciences. When using the data, please clearly indicate the source of the data in the main text and cite the citation provided by this metadata in the reference section." } }, "submit_center_id": "ncdc", "data_level": 0, "recommendation_value": 0, "license_type": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "belong_to_nieer": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "冰状雪", "密苑云顶滑雪乐园", "雪硬度", "高山滑雪", "人工造雪" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "自然地理学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "亚布力训练基地", "密苑云顶滑雪乐园" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 2020, 2021 ], "ds_contributors": [ { "true_name": "田彪", "email": "tianbiao727@foxmail.com", "work_for": "中国气象科学研究院", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_meta_authors": [ { "true_name": "田彪", "email": "tianbiao727@foxmail.com", "work_for": "中国气象科学研究院", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_managers": [ { "true_name": "田彪", "email": "tianbiao727@foxmail.com", "work_for": "中国气象科学研究院", "country": "中国" } ], "category": "积雪" }