青藏高原木里矿区植被恢复取得了很好的复绿效果，但是土壤水文恢复程度未知，土壤水热与气象因子是揭示矿区高寒草地生态系统过程与恢复效应的重要基础数据。由于缺乏连续和系统的原位观测数据，目前对青藏高原矿区草地土壤水热格局及其动态变化的认知仍存在不足。本研究在青藏高原江仓煤矿区架设3台土壤水热盐自动观测系统，收集了2023年至2025年矿区原生草地、恢复二年草地和恢复七年草地的土壤水热与气象连续观测数据。土壤监测涵盖5 cm 至100 cm（10个深度）的土壤温度与含水量，气象监测指标包括风速、风向、气温、相对湿度与总辐射。该数据集为研究矿区草地生态恢复过程中的水源涵养功能变化及其对气候因子的响应提供了基础支撑，并可为区域尺度的草地生态系统管理与模拟研究提供数据参考。
", "ds_source": "本研究土壤水热盐自动观测系统架设于青海省江仓矿区原生草地、二年恢复草地和七年恢复草地，架设时间为2023年7月25日，土壤水分温度参数由土壤多参数传感器（CT10，云蓝风汇，中国）测量，包括土壤温度（量程：–30～70 ℃，精度：±0.5 ℃，分辨率：0.2 ℃）和土壤体积含水量（量程：0～100%，精度：±3%，分辨率：0.1%）。空气温度与湿度由空气温湿度传感器（HMP155A，Vaisala，芬兰）测量。空气湿度测量范围为0.8–100% RH（非冷凝），在15–25 ℃时精度为±1%（0–90% RH）和±1.7%（90–100% RH），在–60～40 ℃范围内精度随温度变化而不同。空气温度测量范围为–80～60 ℃，精度为±0.17 ℃。风速与风向采用超声风速风向传感器（WindSonic，Gill Instruments，英国）监测，风速量程为0–60 m/s，精度为±2%。总辐射由辐射传感器（SP-110，Apogee Instruments，美国）测量，光谱范围为360–1120nm，灵敏度为0.2 mV/(W·m⁻²)。土壤水热盐监测频率为天/次。
", "ds_process_way": "本研究对原始观测数据进行格式整理，剔除缺测和异常值，统一时间步长为30分钟，为保证数据真实性，未对缺测数据进行任何插补处理。
", "ds_quality": "本数据集由土壤水热盐系统连续采集，监测频率为30分钟/次。数据在采集与整理过程中经过严格的质量控制，包括统一时间格式、剔除超出传感器量程或异常跳变的观测值，以及删除因设备故障导致的缺测记录。为保持数据的真实性和可追溯性，未对缺测数据进行插补处理。整体数据连续性良好，可满足矿区草地生态恢复研究及相关模拟分析需求。
", "ds_acq_start_time": "2023-07-16 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2025-08-13 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "青海省海北藏族自治州刚察县江仓矿区", "ds_acq_lon_east": 99.62444444444444, "ds_acq_lat_south": 38.038333333333334, "ds_acq_lon_west": 99.56194444444444, "ds_acq_lat_north": 38.06388888888888, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "apply-access", "ds_total_size": 58887720, "ds_files_count": 0, "ds_format": "*.xlsx", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "日", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "b5751894-5ad8-460d-b3df-e0ba81a30949.png", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": "", "organization_id": "5b99d600-008a-4069-8fc3-7adb9c3f2f8b", "ds_serv_man": "黄晓东", "ds_serv_phone": "13893229950", "ds_serv_mail": "huangxd@lzu.edu.cn", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "170.15" ], "quality_level": 0, "publish_time": "2026-06-11 11:40:44", "last_updated": "2026-06-11 11:40:44", "protected": false, "protected_to": "2027-10-01 00:00:00", "lang": "zh", "cstr": "", "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Soil water, heat and meteorological data sets in Jiangcang Kuangqu Mining Area, Qinghai Province (2023-2025)", "ds_format": "*.xlsx", "ds_source": "The automatic observation system for soil water, heat, and salt in this study was installed in the primary grassland, two-year restored grassland, and seven-year restored grassland in Jiangcang mining area, Qinghai Province. The installation time was July 25, 2023. The soil moisture and temperature parameters were measured by a soil multi parameter sensor (CT10, Yunlanfenghui, China), including soil temperature (range: -30~70 ℃, accuracy: ± 0.5 ℃, resolution: 0.2 ℃) and soil volumetric moisture content (range: 0~100%, accuracy: ± 3%, resolution: 0.1%). The air temperature and humidity are measured by an air temperature and humidity sensor (HMP155A, Vaisala, Finland). The measurement range of air humidity is 0.8-100% RH (non condensing), with an accuracy of ± 1% (0-90% RH) and ± 1.7% (90-100% RH) at 15-25 ℃. The accuracy varies with temperature in the range of -60-40 ℃. The measurement range of air temperature is -80~60 ℃, with an accuracy of ± 0.17 ℃. The wind speed and direction are monitored using ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensors (WindSonic, Gill Instruments, UK), with a wind speed range of 0-60 m/s and an accuracy of ± 2%. The total radiation was measured by a radiation sensor (SP-110, Apogee Instruments, USA) with a spectral range of 360-1120nm and a sensitivity of 0.2 mV/(W · m ⁻ ²). The frequency of soil water, heat, and salt monitoring is once per day.
", "ds_quality": "This dataset is continuously collected by a soil hydrothermal salt system, with a monitoring frequency of 30 minutes per time. The data undergoes strict quality control during the collection and organization process, including standardizing the time format, removing observation values that exceed the sensor range or have abnormal jumps, and deleting missing measurement records caused by equipment failures. In order to maintain the authenticity and traceability of the data, no interpolation processing was performed on the missing measurement data. The overall data continuity is good, which can meet the research and simulation analysis needs of grassland ecological restoration in mining areas.
", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_abstract": "The vegetation restoration in the Muli mining area on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau has achieved good results, but the degree of soil hydrological restoration is unknown. Soil moisture, heat, and meteorological factors are important basic data for revealing the processes and restoration effects of alpine grassland ecosystems in the mining area. Due to the lack of continuous and systematic in-situ observation data, there is still insufficient understanding of the soil water and heat patterns and their dynamic changes in the grasslands of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau mining area. This study set up three automatic observation systems for soil water, heat, and salt in the Jiangcang coal mine area on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and collected continuous observation data on soil water, heat, and meteorology of the original grassland, restored grassland for two years, and restored grassland for seven years in the mining area from 2023 to 2025. Soil monitoring covers soil temperature and moisture content from 5 cm to 100 cm (10 depths), and meteorological monitoring indicators include wind speed, wind direction, temperature, relative humidity, and total radiation. This dataset provides basic support for studying the changes in water conservation function and its response to climate factors during the ecological restoration process of grassland in mining areas, and can provide data reference for regional scale grassland ecosystem management and simulation research.
", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_acq_place": "Jiangcang Mining Area, Gangcha County, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_projection": "", "ds_process_way": "This study formatted the original observation data, removed missing measurements and outliers, and standardized the time step to 30 minutes. To ensure the authenticity of the data, no interpolation was performed on the missing measurement data.
", "ds_ref_instruction": "" } }, "submit_center_id": "ncdc", "data_level": 0, "recommendation_value": 0, "license_type": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "belong_to_nieer": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "矿区", "土壤含水量", "土壤温度", "风速", "风向", "气温", "相对湿度", "总辐射" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "大气科学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "青海省海北藏族自治州刚察县江仓矿区" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 2023, 2024, 2025 ], "ds_contributors": [ { "true_name": "郭小伟", "email": "guoxw@nwipb.cas.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院西北高原生物研究所", "country": "中国" }, { "true_name": "张振华", "email": "zhenhua@nwipb.cas.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院西北高原生物研究所", "country": "中国" }, { "true_name": "司梦可", "email": "simengke@nwipb.cas.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院西北高原生物研究所", "country": "中国" }, { "true_name": "张淑萍", "email": "zhangshuping@nwpb.cas.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院西北高原生物研究所", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_meta_authors": [ { "true_name": "郭小伟", "email": "guoxw@nwipb.cas.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院西北高原生物研究所", "country": "中国" }, { "true_name": "张振华", "email": "zhenhua@nwipb.cas.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院西北高原生物研究所", "country": "中国" }, { "true_name": "司梦可", "email": "simengke@nwipb.cas.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院西北高原生物研究所", "country": "中国" }, { "true_name": "张淑萍", "email": "zhangshuping@nwpb.cas.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院西北高原生物研究所", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_managers": [ { "true_name": "黄晓东", "email": "huangxd@lzu.edu.cn", "work_for": "兰州大学草地农业科技学院", "country": "中国" } ], "category": "气象" }