平衡线是冰川积累区和消融区的界限, 与气候因素、冰川表面形态等影响因素有关, 是重要的冰川参量. 在平衡线上, 物质的积累和消融达到平衡, 物质平衡为零.1 号冰川平衡线高度是基于花杆-雪坑法的野外观测, 通过计算分析得到的, 在1960-2020 年间的平衡线高度(ELA)波动范围为 3946~4240 m。", "ds_source": "
自主产生。", "ds_process_way": "
冰川物质平衡观测采用冰川学方法（花杆/雪坑法）。具体步骤包括：1）物质平衡花杆网阵观测网络布设。在冰川表面布设木质或金属观测杆（花杆），并对其编号，理想的花杆布设应均匀分布于冰川表面，组成以单点为节点的观测网阵。花杆钻孔依靠蒸汽钻或人工冰芯钻钻取。花杆露出雪面的高度和在冰内的长度依照布设点的积累或消融情况以及观测周期而定。2）定期测量花杆出露冰川表面的高度，根据其变化计算冰川的消融量或积累量。对于冰川积累区，还可以通开挖雪坑的方法，确定冰川的积累量。3）冰川物质平衡计算。根据物质平衡花杆点和雪坑在特定时期内的观测，可计算得出观测时期内观测点的物质平衡，利用插值手段，通过等值线法与等高线法方法，得到观测时段内整条冰川的物质平衡值以及平衡线高度。由于1993 年 1 号冰川分离为东、 西两支, 为了保持资料的统一性, 分离后的冰川平衡线高度利用面积加权法求得。", "ds_quality": "
严格按照世界冰川监测中心（WGMS）冰川学观测调查方法、规范执行。", "ds_acq_start_time": "1960-01-01 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2020-12-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川", "ds_acq_lon_east": 86.83055555555555, "ds_acq_lat_south": 43.10944444444445, "ds_acq_lon_west": 86.79944444444445, "ds_acq_lat_north": 43.12694444444445, "ds_acq_alt_low": 3780.0, "ds_acq_alt_high": 4250.0, "ds_share_type": "apply-access", "ds_total_size": 10687, "ds_files_count": 2, "ds_format": "excle", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "年", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "d441ceab-f01f-4405-a316-4266768bf4d4.png", "ds_thumb_from": 2, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "76330c66-832b-46b3-b501-f5f6edb08dc2", "ds_serv_man": "敏玉芳", "ds_serv_phone": "09314967596", "ds_serv_mail": "ncdc@lzb.ac.cn", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "170.4510" ], "quality_level": 3, "publish_time": "2026-02-05 15:56:22", "last_updated": "2026-02-05 15:56:22", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "11738.11.NCDC.TIANSHAN.DB7120.2026", "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Height data of the material balance line of Glacier No.1 at the source of Urumqi River (1960-2020)", "ds_format": "excle", "ds_source": "
Independently generated.", "ds_quality": "
Strictly follow the glacier observation and survey methods and standards of the World Glacier Monitoring Center (WGMS).", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_abstract": "
The equilibrium line is the boundary between the accumulation and melting zones of glaciers, which is related to factors such as climate and glacier surface morphology, and is an important glacier parameter On the equilibrium line, the accumulation and melting of matter reach equilibrium, and the material balance is zero. The height of the equilibrium line of Glacier No.1 is based on field observations using the flower stem snow pit method, and is calculated and analyzed. The fluctuation range of the equilibrium line height (ELA) from 1960 to 2020 is 3946 to 4240 meters.", "ds_time_res": "年", "ds_acq_place": "Tianshan Urumqi River Source No.1 Glacier", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_projection": "", "ds_process_way": "
The observation of glacier mass balance adopts glaciological methods (flower stem/snow pit method). The specific steps include: 1) Setting up a material balance flower pole network observation network. Wooden or metal observation poles (flower poles) should be placed on the surface of glaciers and numbered. Ideally, flower poles should be evenly distributed on the glacier surface to form an observation network with single points as nodes. Flower stem drilling relies on steam drilling or artificial ice core drilling. The height of the flower stem exposed to the snow surface and its length inside the ice depend on the accumulation or melting of the deployment points and the observation period. 2) Regularly measure the height of flower stalks exposed on the surface of glaciers, and calculate the amount of glacier melting or accumulation based on its changes. For glacier accumulation areas, the method of excavating snow pits can also be used to determine the accumulation amount of glaciers. 3) Calculation of glacier mass balance. Based on the observations of the material balance flower stem points and snow pits during a specific period, the material balance of the observation points during the observation period can be calculated. Using interpolation methods, the material balance value and balance line height of the entire glacier during the observation period can be obtained through contour line and contour line methods. Due to the separation of Glacier No.1 into East and West branches in 1993, in order to maintain data consistency, the height of the separated glacier equilibrium line was obtained using the area weighting method.", "ds_ref_instruction": "" } }, "submit_center_id": "ncdc", "data_level": 0, "recommendation_value": 0, "license_type": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "belong_to_nieer": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "冰川末端变化", "河源1号", "天山" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "自然地理学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 ], "ds_contributors": [ { "true_name": "李慧林", "email": "lihuilin@lzb.ac.cn", "work_for": "天山冰川观测实验站", "country": "" } ], "ds_meta_authors": [ { "true_name": "岳晓英", "email": "yuexiaoying@lzb.ac.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_managers": [ { "true_name": "王飞腾", "email": "wangfeiteng@lzb.ac.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院", "country": "中国" } ], "category": "冰川" }