本数据集包含了中国41个城市的不透水地面（ISA）和透水地面（PSA）下的土壤有机碳（SOC）特征。2013-2014年进行采样，观测到的土壤属性要素包括土壤容重（BD）、 土壤氮含量（NC）、土壤氮密度（ND）、土壤有机碳与土壤氮的比值（SOC:N）、土壤有机碳含量（SOCC）、土壤有机碳密度（SOCD）等。
", "ds_source": "2013-2014年，在全国41个城市进行了土壤采样。所选城市为省会城市或区域范围内的代表性城市。它们涵盖了除青藏高原以外的中国所有主要气候条件、植被类型和土壤类型。土壤样本取自每个城市的多个地点。为了保证一个城市的采样点分布均匀，每个采样点属于不同的城市区域。
", "ds_process_way": "采样的不透水面（ISA）类型包括人行道、公路、建筑等。通过实地调查和遥感分析确保ISA的密封性和邻近透水表面区域（PSA）的土地覆盖物/植被类型在采样点中已经稳定了十年以上。每个ISA样点设置三个重复，彼此相距至少10 m，在相邻的PSA中设置对应的采样地块进行比较。使用5 cm直径的土钻和容积为100 cm3的取土环刀以每20 cm为一层进行采取，最终采集至100 cm深度。只采集建筑材料层以下的土壤，并去除混入土壤中的人工制品。这些样品（ID# XJBIZC0001-XJBIZC4356）目前保存在中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所标本馆。测定各样品土壤容重（BD）和SOC含量，并将两者相乘计算出土壤有机碳密度，以同样的方法计算土壤氮密度。采用环刀法测量BD，采用Mebius法测量土SOC含量，采用凯氏法测定土壤氮（N）含量。
", "ds_quality": "", "ds_acq_start_time": "2013-01-01 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2014-12-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "China", "ds_acq_lon_east": null, "ds_acq_lat_south": null, "ds_acq_lon_west": null, "ds_acq_lat_north": null, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "login-access", "ds_total_size": 193594, "ds_files_count": 2, "ds_format": "Excel", "ds_space_res": "30", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "WGS_1984_Albers", "ds_thumbnail": "d5838763-995c-47c6-a820-c775297b7f49.jpg", "ds_thumb_from": 2, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "52b7b79b-860c-49a5-9083-9a70cf8bed5a", "ds_serv_man": "李红星", "ds_serv_phone": "0931-4967592", "ds_serv_mail": "ncdc@lzb.ac.cn", "doi_value": "10.12072/ncdc.socn.db2851.2023", "subject_codes": [ "170.50" ], "quality_level": 3, "publish_time": "2023-06-02 18:06:44", "last_updated": "2026-02-10 16:14:11", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "11738.11.NCDC.SOCN.DB2851.2023", "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Observations of soil nitrogen and soil organic carbon to soil nitrogen stoichiometry under the impervious surfaces areas (ISA) of China", "ds_format": "Excel", "ds_source": "Nation-wide soil sampling was conducted in 41 cities that were evenly distributed across China during 2013–2014 . The selected cities were either provincial capitals or representative cities at the regional scale. They covered all major climate regimes, vegetation types and soil types in China, except for the Tibet Plateau. Soil samples were taken from multiple sites in each city. To guaranty that the sampling sites in a city were evenly distributed, each sample site belonged to a different city district.
", "ds_quality": "", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_abstract": "This data set contains soil organic carbon properties under the impervious surfaces areas (ISA) and Pervious Surface Area (PSA) of 41 cities in China. Field samplings were conducted during 2013-2014. The observed soil attribute elements include BD(bulk density), NC(soil nitrogen content), ND(soil nitrogen density), SOC:N(soil organic carbon to soil nitrogen ratio), SOCC(soil organic carbon content), SOCD(soil organic carbon density) et al.
", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_acq_place": "China", "ds_space_res": "30", "ds_projection": "WGS_1984_Albers", "ds_process_way": "The sampled ISA types included pavements, highways, patios, driveways, parking lots etc. Field surveys and remote sensing analysis have confirmed that the sealing of impervious soils and the land cover/vegetation types (trees, shrubs, lawns, bare land, vegetable fields ect) of the adjacent pervious surface area (PSA) have been stable for over ten years at the sampling sites (detailed information of the sampling sites are found in the data file). At each site, three representative sampling plots, at least 10 m apart from each other, were set up under the ISA with three paired sampling plots in an adjacent PSA for comparison. A 100 cm depth profile pit was dug in each plot. Using 100 cm3 sample rings, soil profiles in the pits were sampled at 20 cm intervals to 100 cm depth. Technosols were thought to contain large amount of artefacts such as bricks, glass, etc. (FOA, 2015; Lorenz & Lal, 2009). However, our study across China found that most of the Ekranic (sealed) Technosols profiles has a clear boundary between the building material layers and the soil. These soils didn’t have extraordinary large amount of artefacts mixed in. Where the boundary is unclear, we treated the surface layers with large amount of hard building materials, where artefacts > 0.15 mm accounted for over half of the soil weight or volume, as the building material layers and only sampled the soils below them. Samples with notable additions of anthropogenic artefacts mixed in the soil were discarded, because we were unsure if they represented the building materials or the soils. These samples (ID# XJBIZC0001-XJBIZC4356) are currently stored in the Herbarium of the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China. We measured the soil bulk density (BD) and SOC content in each soil sample and then calculated the SOC density by multiplying them together. All samples were air-dried, grounded and sieved at 0.15 mm. BD was measured using the volumetric ring method. To match the methodology of the Second China’s National Soil Surveys that provided information of the background SOC density, the SOC content was measured using the Mebius method involving Walkley-Black acid digestion. SOC density was calculated according to dry BD (g cm-3) and SOC content based on a soil depth of 20 cm. Nitrogen (N) content (g kg-1) was measured by Kjeldahl digestion.
", "ds_ref_instruction": "" } }, "submit_center_id": "ncdc", "data_level": 0, "license_type": "CC BY 4.0", "ds_topic_tags": [ "不透水面", "透水面", "容重", "土壤含氮量", "土壤氮密度", "土壤有机碳与氮比", "土壤有机碳含量", "土壤有机碳密度", "电导率" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "地质学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "中国" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 2013, 2014 ], "ds_contributors": [ { "true_name": "Qian Ding", "email": "", "work_for": "Linyi University", "country": "中国" }, { "true_name": "Hua Shao", "email": "shaohua@ms.xjb.ac.cn", "work_for": "State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences", "country": "中国" }, { "true_name": "张弛", "email": "zc@ms.xjb.ac.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所", "country": "中国" }, { "true_name": "方霞", "email": "", "work_for": "中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_meta_authors": [ { "true_name": "张弛", "email": "zc@ms.xjb.ac.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_managers": [ { "true_name": "张弛", "email": "zc@ms.xjb.ac.cn", "work_for": "中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所", "country": "中国" } ], "category": "生态" }