多年冻土热状态表征了地下储存的“冷能”，是评估多年冻土变化的重要指标。然而，广泛使用的年平均地温（MAGT）因忽略地下冰的热力贡献而存在固有局限。针对这一问题，我们提出了一种基于焓变的替代性指标（ΔH′），该指标综合考虑了地温和地下冰含量，对应多年冻土完全融化所需吸收热量的理论值。与MAGT相比，ΔH′在表征潜在多年冻土持续时间方面具有更加均一的尺度和更高的辨识能力，因此更适用于描述多年冻土热状态。利用高分辨率格网化数据集，本研究基于ΔH′重新绘制了青藏高原多年冻土热状态分布图，并量化分析了两种指标之间的空间差异。结果表明，MAGT高估了青藏高原西部多年冻土热稳定性，低估了青藏高原东南部以及内流盆地湖泊周边区域的多年冻土热稳定性。指标的计算、评估、空间分布特点的描述以及与MAGT空间差异的归因详见关联论文。本数据集提供了青藏高原多年冻土的ΔH′分布图。数据以GeoTIFF格式分发，采用WGS84坐标系，像元值为ΔH′(单位:GJ/m2，1 GJ=109 J)，研究区内的最小值为−1.33 GJ/m2，最大值为−0.04 GJ/m2，均值为−0.84 GJ/m2，标准差为0.13 GJ/m2，值越负意味着多年冻土越稳定。
", "ds_source": "", "ds_process_way": "", "ds_quality": "", "ds_acq_start_time": null, "ds_acq_end_time": null, "ds_acq_place": "青藏高原", "ds_acq_lon_east": 104.15833333333335, "ds_acq_lat_south": 27.086944444444445, "ds_acq_lon_west": 75.71666666666667, "ds_acq_lat_north": 39.77027777777778, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "open-access", "ds_total_size": 10476318, "ds_files_count": 0, "ds_format": "*tif", "ds_space_res": "1km", "ds_time_res": "无", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "06061c3d-c00e-4228-a00e-5793ca437bbb.png", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "None", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "52b7b79b-860c-49a5-9083-9a70cf8bed5a", "ds_serv_man": null, "ds_serv_phone": null, "ds_serv_mail": null, "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "170.40", "170.45" ], "quality_level": 0, "publish_time": "2026-08-04 12:08:21", "last_updated": "2026-09-15 17:40:30", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "11738.11.ncdc.permafrost.db7696.2026", "i18n": { "en": { "title": "A new permafrost thermal state map based on enthalpy change on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau", "ds_format": "*tif", "ds_source": "", "ds_quality": "", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_abstract": "Permafrost thermal state represents the stored “cold energy” in the ground and is a crucial metric for assessing permafrost changes. However, the widely used mean annual ground temperature (MAGT) has inherent limitations because it overlooks the thermodynamic contribution of ground ice. To address this issue, we proposed an alternative metric based on enthalpy change (ΔH′), which comprehensively considers ground temperature and ground ice content, corresponding to the theoretical heat absorption required for the complete thawing of permafrost. Compared with MAGT, ΔH′ provides a more uniform scale and higher discernibility in characterizing potential permafrost duration, making it more suitable for representing permafrost thermal state. Using high-resolution gridded datasets, we re-mapped the spatial distribution of permafrost thermal state across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) based on ΔH′ and quantitatively analyzed the spatial discrepancy between the two metrics. The results indicate that MAGT overestimates the permafrost thermal stability in the western QTP and underestimates it in the southeastern QTP as well as in areas surrounding lakes in endorheic basins. Details regarding the metric's calculation, evaluation, spatial distribution characteristics, and the attribution of spatial discrepancies with MAGT are provided in the associated paper. This dataset provides the ΔH′ distribution map for permafrost across the QTP. The data are distributed in GeoTIFF format using the WGS84 coordinate system, with pixel values representing ΔH′ (unit: GJ/m2, 1 GJ=109 J). Within the study area, the minimum value is −1.33 GJ/m2, the maximum value is −0.04 GJ/m2, the mean value is −0.84 GJ/m2, and the standard deviation is 0.13 GJ/m2. More negative values indicate higher permafrost thermal stability.", "ds_time_res": "N/A", "ds_acq_place": "Qinghai-Tibet Plateau", "ds_space_res": "1km", "ds_projection": "", "ds_process_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "" } }, "submit_center_id": "ncdc", "data_level": 0, "recommendation_value": 0, "license_type": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "doi_reg_from": "reg_outside", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "belong_to_nieer": false, "allow_update_data": false, "created_from": "fair", "ds_topic_tags": [ "多年冻土热状态", "基于焓变的指标", "地下冰", "年平均地温" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "地图学", "地理学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "青藏高原" ], "ds_time_tags": [], "ds_contributors": [ { "true_name": "嵇海龙", "email": "jihailongnnu@gmail.com", "work_for": "南京师范大学", "country": "中国" }, { "true_name": "南卓铜", "email": "nanzt@shnu.edu.cn", "work_for": "上海师范大学", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_meta_authors": [ { "true_name": "嵇海龙", "email": "jihailongnnu@gmail.com", "work_for": "南京师范大学", "country": "中国" } ], "ds_managers": [ { "true_name": "嵇海龙", "email": "jihailongnnu@gmail.com", "work_for": "南京师范大学", "country": "中国" } ], "category": "冻土" }