本数据集为1945—1957年黄土丘陵沟壑区第三副区大柳树沟流域梁家坪径流场观测数据。数据集包括逐日降水量表、降水量摘录表，径流场汛期径流泥沙测验成果表，逐次径流泥沙测验成果表，农地、林地和人工牧草径流场基本情况表，土壤含水率实测成果表。
", "ds_source": "人工定时观测
", "ds_process_way": "（1）径流观测：普通径流场和简易径流场只观测一次降水产生的径流总量（浑水），重点径流场加测径流的起讫时间和过程。径流池最高水位于降水停止之后观测。如承水槽和引水槽有泥沙淤积，则先将其刮入池内，而后观测。径流过程由水位过程推算。水位过程一般每隔两分钟观测一次。本径流场部分径流池安装有自记水位计，自动记录水位过程。（2）泥沙观测 ： 普通径流场和简易径流场只观测一次降水产生的泥沙总量，重点径流场加测含沙量过程。径流平均含沙量的取样方法有三种：1）搅拌法，先将径流池的泥水提拌均匀后，再取水样；2）分层取样法，将泥水搅拌均匀后，分层取出一立方分米的水样3至5个，混合在一起，再从中取出0.5立方分米的水样1至3个，作为处理水样；3）唧筒法，用唧筒或管状取样器吸取出一柱状水体作水样。径流合沙量很大、池底淤泥很多时，先用白矾使细泥沉淀，吸出上部清水，然后采取泥浆样进行处理。测含沙量过程，含沙量的水样从量水槽或引水槽水舌下接取，时间与观测水位的时间相同，每两分钟一次。水样处理，一般用烘干法，有时也用置换法。（3）流量计算：径流总量根据径流池的最高水位用事先率定好的径流池的水位容积关系推算。（4）含沙量计算：泥沙总量由径流总量乘径流平均含沙量得出。
", "ds_quality": "由专业技术人员进行人工观测；数据录入过程中经过四级人工校核，分别是制表、初校、复校、审核，以确保数据质量。
", "ds_acq_start_time": "1945-01-01 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "1957-12-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "甘肃省天水市南郊藉河南岸大柳树沟梁家坪", "ds_acq_lon_east": 105.55833333333334, "ds_acq_lat_south": 34.575, "ds_acq_lon_west": 105.54166666666667, "ds_acq_lat_north": 34.59166666666667, "ds_acq_alt_low": 1190.0, "ds_acq_alt_high": 1240.0, "ds_share_type": "apply-access", "ds_total_size": 634119, "ds_files_count": 3, "ds_format": "excel表格", "ds_space_res": null, "ds_time_res": "分、日、次", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "f347b710-91f2-4d15-b5fd-c20257f1644e.jpg", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "本数据为无偿共享，共享方式：离线申请。", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "49b5ee01-70c1-4c22-8937-1f94d7fcabe2", "ds_serv_man": "敏玉芳", "ds_serv_phone": "0931-4967596", "ds_serv_mail": "ncdc@lzb.ac.cn", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [], "quality_level": 3, "publish_time": "2022-08-10 17:58:16", "last_updated": "2023-05-16 17:35:48", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "11738.11.ncdc.HWTSZhan.2020.41", "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Observation data set of runoff and flow field in liangjiaping of daliushugou watershed in the third sub region of Loess Hilly and gully region from 1945 to 1957", "ds_format": "", "ds_source": " <pre><code> <p>Artificial timing observation</p>\n <pre><code> <p>Manual observation is carried out by professional and technical personnel; four levels of manual verification are carried out in the process of data input, which are tabulation, initial calibration, re calibration and audit, so as to ensure the data quality. </p>\n <pre><code> <p>This data set is the observation data of liangjiaping runoff field in daliushugou watershed, the third sub region of Loess Hilly and gully region from 1945 to 1957. The data set includes daily precipitation table, precipitation extract table, runoff and sediment test results in flood season, runoff and sediment test results table, runoff and sediment measurement results table, runoff and sediment flow field basic situation table of farmland, woodland and artificial pasture, and measured soil moisture content table. </p>\n <pre><code> <p>(1) Runoff observation: the general runoff field and simple runoff field only observe the total runoff (muddy water) generated by precipitation once, and the starting and ending time and process of runoff are also measured in the key runoff field. The highest water level of the runoff pool was observed after the precipitation stopped. If there is sediment deposition in the bearing channel and the water diversion channel, it should be scraped into the pool first and then observed. The runoff process is calculated by the water level process. The water level process is generally observed every two minutes. Self recording water level meter is installed in part of the runoff pool of the runoff field to automatically record the water level process. (2) Sediment Observation: the general runoff field and simple runoff field only observe the total sediment generated by precipitation once, and the sediment concentration process is measured in the key runoff field. There are three sampling methods for the average sediment concentration of runoff: 1) mixing method: firstly, the slurry in the runoff pool is extracted and mixed evenly, and then the water sample is taken; 2) stratified sampling method, after mixing the slurry evenly, three to five water samples of one cubic decimeter are taken out in layers and mixed together, and then 1 to 3 water samples of 0.5 cubic decimeter are taken out as treatment water samples; 3) pump method, using pump or tubular sampler Draw out a column of water for water sample. When there is a large amount of sediment in the runoff and a lot of sludge at the bottom of the pool, alum is used to precipitate the fine mud, and then the upper clean water is sucked out, and then the mud sample is taken for treatment. In the process of sediment concentration measurement, the water sample with sediment concentration is taken from the water tongue of the measuring tank or the water diversion channel, and the time is the same as that of the water level observation, once every two minutes. Water samples are usually treated by drying method and sometimes by displacement method. (3) Flow calculation: the total runoff is calculated according to the maximum water level of the runoff pool and the water level volume relationship of the runoff pool determined in advance. (4) Calculation of sediment concentration: the total sediment content is obtained by multiplying the total runoff with the average sediment concentration. </p>\n