该数据集包含了2025年1月1日至2025年12月31日黑河流域地表过程综合观测网上游阿柔超级站宇宙射线观测系统数据。站点位于青海省祁连县阿柔乡草达坂村，下垫面是亚高山山地草甸。观测点的经纬度是100.4643° E, 38.0473° N，海拔3033m。仪器探头底部距地面0.5m，采样频率是1小时。\n
宇宙射线仪器的原始观测项目包括：电压Batt（V）、温度T（℃）、相对湿度RH（%）、气压P（hPa）、快中子数N1C（个/小时）、热中子数N2C（个/小时）、快中子采样时间N1ET（s）及热中子采样时间N2ET（s）。发布的数据为经过处理计算后的数据，数据表头包括：Date Time（日期 时间）、P（气压 hPa）、N1C（快中子数 个/小时）、N1C_cor（气压订正的快中子数 个/小时）和VWC（土壤体积含水量 %），其处理的主要步骤包括：\n
1） 数据筛选\n
数据筛选共四条标准：（1）剔除电压小于和等于11.8伏特的数据；（2）剔除空气相对湿度大于和等于80%的数据；（3）剔除采样时间间隔不在60±1分钟内的数据；（4） 剔除快中子数较前后一小时变化大于200的数据。剔除及缺失数据用-9999补充。\n
2） 气压订正\n
根据仪器说明手册中提到的快中子气压订正公式，对原始数据进行气压订正，得到订正后的快中子数N1C_cor。\n
3） 仪器率定\n
在计算土壤水分的过程中需要对计算公式中的N0进行率定。N0为土壤干燥条件下的快中子数，通常使用测量源区内的土样得到实测土壤水分（或者通过比较密集的土壤水分无线传感器获取）θm（Zreda et al. 2012）和对应时间段内的快中子校正数据N，再通过公式反求得到N0。\n
黑河综合观测网或站点信息请参考Liu et al. (2018)，观测数据处理请参考Zhu et al. (2015)。
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原始数据加工整理。
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This dataset includes data recorded by the Heihe integrated observatory network obtained from a Cosmic-ray Soil Moisture Observing System of soil moisture of Arou Superstation from January 1 to December 31, 2025. The site (100.4643° E, 38.0473° N) was located in the Caodaban Village, near Qilian County in Qinghai Province. The elevation is 3033 m. The bottom of the probe was 0.5 m above the ground; the sampling interval was 1 hour.\r\n
The raw COSMOS data include the following: battery (Batt, V), temperature (T, C), relative humidity (RH, %), air pressure (P, hPa), fast neutron counts (N1C, counts per hour), thermal neutron counts (N2C, counts per hour), sample time of fast neutrons (N1ET, s), and sample time of thermal neutrons (N2ET, s). The distributed data include the following variables: Date, Time, P, N1C, N1C_cor (corrected fast neutron counts) and VWC (volume soil moisture, %), which were processed as follows:\r\n
1) Data were removed and replaced by -9999 when (a) the battery voltage was less than 11.8 V, (b) the relative humidity was greater than 80% inside the probe box, (c) the counting data were not of one-hour duration and (d) neutron count differed from the previous value by more than 20%; 2) An air pressure correction was applied to the quality-controlled raw data according to the equation contained in the equipment manual; 3) After the quality control and corrections were applied, soil moisture was calculated using the equation in Zreda et al. (2012), where N0 is the neutron counts above dry soil and the other variables are fitted constants that define the shape of the calibration function. Here, the parameter N0 was calibrated using the in situ observed soil moisture by SoilNET within the footprint; 4) Based on the calibrated N0 and corrected N1C, the hourly soil moisture was computed using the equation from the equipment manual. Moreover, suspicious data were marked in red.\r\n
For more information, please refer to Liu et al. (2018) (for sites information), Zhu et al. (2015) for data processing) in the Citation section.", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_acq_place": "Arou Super Station Upstream of the Comprehensive Observation Network of Surface Processes in the Heihe River Basin", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_projection": "", "ds_process_way": "
Processing and sorting raw data.
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