该数据集包含了2025年1月1日至2025年12月31日黑河流域地表过程综合观测网上游阿柔超级站气象要素梯度观测系统数据。站点位于青海省祁连县阿柔乡草达坂村，下垫面是亚高山山地草甸。观测点的经纬度是100.4643°E, 38.0473°N，海拔3033m。空气温度、相对湿度、风速风向传感器分别架设在1m、2m、5m、10m、15m、25m处，共6层，朝向正北；气压计安装在2m处；翻斗式雨量计安装在阿柔超级站2m观测塔上；四分量辐射仪安装在5m处，朝向正南；两个红外温度计安装在5m处，朝向正南，探头朝向是垂直向下；光合有效辐射仪安装在5m处，朝向正南，探头朝向是垂直向上；土壤部分传感器埋设在塔体正南方向2m处，其中土壤热流板（自校正式）（3块）均埋设在地下6cm处；土壤温度探头埋设在地表0cm和地下2cm、4cm、6cm、10cm、15cm、20cm、30cm、40cm、60cm、80cm、120cm、160cm、200cm、240cm、280cm、320cm处，其中4cm和10cm这两层有三个重复；土壤水分传感器分别埋设在地下2cm、4cm、6cm、10cm、15cm、20cm、30cm、40cm、60cm、80cm、120cm、160cm、200cm、240cm、280cm、320cm处，其中4cm和10cm这两层有三个重复。
\n观测项目有：风速（WS_1m、WS_2m、WS_5m、WS_10m、WS_15m、WS_25m）(单位：米/秒)、风向（WD_1m、WD_2m、WD_5m、WD_10m、WD_15m、WD_25m）(单位：度)、空气温湿度（Ta_1m、Ta_2m、Ta_5m、Ta_10m、Ta_15m、Ta_25m和RH_1m、RH_2m、RH_5m、RH_10m、RH_15m、RH_25m）(单位：摄氏度、百分比)、气压（Press）(单位：百帕)、降水量（Rain）(单位：毫米)、四分量辐射（DR、UR、DLR_Cor、ULR_Cor、Rn）(单位：瓦/平方米)、地表辐射温度（IRT_1、IRT_2）(单位：摄氏度)、光合有效辐射（PAR）(单位：微摩尔/平方米秒)、平均土壤温度（TCAV）(单位：摄氏度)、土壤热通量（Gs_1、Gs_2）(单位：瓦/平方米)、土壤水分（Ms_2cm、Ms_4cm_1、Ms_4cm_2、Ms_4cm_3、Ms_6cm、Ms_10cm_1、Ms_10cm_2、Ms_10cm_3、Ms_15cm、Ms_20cm、Ms_30cm、Ms_40cm、Ms_60cm、Ms_80cm、Ms_120cm、Ms_160cm Ms_200cm、Ms_240cm、Ms_280cm、Ms_320cm）(单位：体积含水量，百分比)、土壤温度（Ts_0cm、Ts_2cm、Ts_4cm_1、Ts_4cm_2、Ts_4cm_3、Ts_6cm、Ts_10cm、Ts_15cm、Ts_20cm、Ts_30cm、Ts_40cm、Ts_60cm、Ts_80cm、Ts_120cm、Ts_160cm Ts_200cm、Ts_240cm、Ts_280cm、Ts_320cm）(单位：摄氏度)。\n
观测数据的处理与质量控制：（1）确保每天144个数据（每10min），若出现数据的缺失，则由-9999标示；（2）剔除有重复记录的时刻；（3）删除了明显超出物理意义或超出仪器量程的数据；（4）数据中以红字标示的部分为有疑问的数据；（5）日期和时间的格式统一，并且日期、时间在同一列。如，时间为：2024-6-10 10:30；（6）命名规则为：AWS+站点名称。\n
黑河综合观测网或站点信息等请参考Liu et al. (2018)，Che et al. (2019)。", "ds_source": "
黑河流域地表过程综合观测网上游阿柔超级站。
", "ds_process_way": "观测数据整理记录。
", "ds_quality": "", "ds_acq_start_time": "2025-01-01 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2025-12-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "阿柔超级站", "ds_acq_lon_east": 100.46388888888889, "ds_acq_lat_south": 38.04694444444444, "ds_acq_lon_west": 100.46388888888889, "ds_acq_lat_north": 38.04694444444444, "ds_acq_alt_low": 3033.0, "ds_acq_alt_high": 3033.0, "ds_share_type": "apply-access", "ds_total_size": 28634734, "ds_files_count": 0, "ds_format": "*.xlsx", "ds_space_res": "--", "ds_time_res": "10 min", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "fd437b41-c7bc-4c86-a4c0-a6d020c7b943.png", "ds_thumb_from": 2, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": "", "organization_id": "7314e349-6d56-45d3-93c1-5068a74cdfde", "ds_serv_man": "", "ds_serv_phone": "", "ds_serv_mail": "", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "170.15", "170.45", "170.55" ], "quality_level": 0, "publish_time": "2026-07-07 15:44:07", "last_updated": "2026-07-07 16:19:40", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "", "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Dataset of Heihe integrated observatory network (an observation system of Meteorological elements gradient of A’rou Superstation, 2025)", "ds_format": "*.xlsx", "ds_source": "A’rou Superstation in the updstream of the Heihe integrated observatory network.", "ds_quality": "", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_abstract": "
This dataset includes data recorded by the Heihe integrated observatory network obtained from an observation system of Meteorological elements gradient of A’rou Superstation from January 1 to December 31, 2025. The site (100.464° E, 38.047° N) was located on a cold grassland surface in the Caodaban village, A’rou Town, Qilian County, Qinghai Province. The elevation is 3033 m. The installation heights and orientations of different sensors and measured quantities were as follows: air temperature and humidity profile (HMP45C; 1, 2, 5, 10, 15 and 25 m, towards north), wind speed and direction profile (Windsonic; 1, 2, 5, 10, 15 and 25 m, towards north), air pressure (CS100; 2 m), rain gauge (TE525M; 2 m, towards south), four-component radiometer (CNR4; 5 m, towards south), two infrared temperature sensors (SI-111; 5 m, towards south, vertically downward), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR-LITE; 5 m, towards south, vertically upward), soil heat flux (HFP01SC; 3 duplicates, -0.06 m, 2 m in the south of tower), soil temperature profile (109; 0, -0.02, -0.04, -0.06, -0.1, -0.15, -0.2, -0.3, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1.2, -1.6, -2, -2.4, -2.8 and -3.2 m, 3 duplicates in -0.04 m and -0.1 m), and soil moisture profile (CS616; -0.02, -0.04, -0.06, -0.1, -0.15, -0.2, -0.3, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1.2, -1.6, -2, -2.4, -2.8 and -3.2 m, 3 duplicates in -0.04 m and -0.1 m).\r\n
The observations included the following: air temperature and humidity (Ta_1 m, Ta_2 m, Ta_5 m, Ta_10 m, Ta_15 m and Ta_25 m; RH_1 m, RH_2 m, RH_5 m, RH_10 m, RH_15 m and RH_25 m) (℃ and %, respectively), wind speed (Ws_1 m, Ws_2 m, Ws_5 m, Ws_10 m, Ws_15 m and Ws_25 m) (m/s), wind direction (WD_2 m) (°), air pressure (press) (hpa), precipitation (rain) (mm), four-component radiation (DR, incoming shortwave radiation; UR, outgoing shortwave radiation; DLR_Cor, incoming longwave radiation; ULR_Cor, outgoing longwave radiation; Rn, net radiation) (W/m2), infrared temperature (IRT_1 and IRT_2) (℃), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) (μmol/(s m-2)), average soil temperature (TCAV, ℃), soil heat flux (Gs_1, Gs_2 and Gs_3) (W/m2), soil temperature (Ts_0 cm, Ts_2 cm, Ts_4 cm_1, Ts_4 cm_2, Ts_4 cm_3, Ts_6 cm, Ts_10 cm, Ts_15 cm, Ts_20 cm, Ts_30 cm, Ts_40 cm, Ts_60 cm, Ts_80 cm, Ts_120 cm, Ts_160 cm, Ts_200 cm, Ts_240 cm, Ts_280 cm and Ts_320 cm) (℃), and soil moisture (Ms_2 cm, Ms_4 cm_1, Ms_4 cm_2, Ms_4 cm_3, Ms_6 cm, Ms_10 cm_1, Ms_10 cm_2, Ms_10 cm_3, Ms_15 cm, Ms_20 cm, Ms_30 cm, Ms_40 cm, Ms_60 cm, Ms_80 cm, Ms_120 cm, Ms_160 cm, Ms_200 cm, Ms_240 cm, Ms_280 cm and Ms_320 cm) (%, volumetric water content).\r\n
The data processing and quality control steps were as follows: (1) The AWS data were averaged over intervals of 10 min for a total of 144 records per day. The missing data were denoted by -9999. (2) Data in duplicate records were rejected. (3) Unphysical data were rejected. (4) The data marked in red are problematic data. (5) The format of the date and time was unified, and the date and time were collected in the same column, for example, date and time: 2025-6-10 10:30. (6) Finally, the naming convention was AWS+ site no. Moreover, suspicious data were marked in red.\r\n
For more information, please refer to Liu et al. (2018) and Che et al. (2019).", "ds_time_res": "", "ds_acq_place": "Arou Super Station", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_projection": "", "ds_process_way": "
Organize and record observation data.
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