The irreversible trend for global warming underscores the necessity for accurate monitoring and analysis of atmospheric carbon dynamics on a global scale. Carbon satellites hold significant potential for atmospheric CO₂ monitoring. However, existing studies on global CO₂ are constrained by coarse resolution (ranging from 0.25^° to 2^°) and limited spatial coverage. In this study, we developed a new global dataset of column-averaged dry-air mole fraction of CO₂ (XCO₂) at 0.05^° resolution with full coverage using carbon satellite observations, multi-source satellite products, and an improved deep learning model. We then investigated changes in global atmospheric CO₂ and anomalies from 2015 to 2021. The reconstructed XCO₂ products show a better agreement with Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) measurements, with R2 of 0.92 and RSME of 1.54 ppm. The products also provide more accurate information on the global and regional spatial patterns of XCO₂ compared to origin carbon satellite monitoring and previous XCO₂ products. The global pattern of XCO₂ exhibited a distinct increasing trend with a growth rate of 2.32 ppm/year, reaching 414.00 ppm in 2021. Globally, XCO₂ showed obvious spatial variability across different latitudes and continents. Higher XCO₂ concentrations were primarily observed in the Northern Hemisphere, particularly in regions with intensive anthropogenic activity, such as East Asia and North America. We also validated the effectiveness of our XCO₂ products in detecting intensive CO₂ emission sources.