Founded in 1994, Waliguan Station is located in Gonghe County, Hainan Prefecture, Qinghai Province, China. It is one of the 29 atmospheric background baseline observation stations of the World Meteorological Organization's Global Atmospheric Observation System, jointly invested by the Chinese government and the Global Environment Facility, and operated by the China Meteorological Administration. The station is the highest atmospheric background reference monitoring station in the world, and the first atmospheric background reference monitoring station in the continental hinterland in the world, and its establishment fills the gap of global atmospheric monitoring (GAW) in the Eurasian continent. Up to now, the station is still the only inland atmospheric baseline observation station in the Northern Hemisphere, and its observation results can represent the atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration and its change status in the northern mid-latitude inland areas, and are used as supporting data by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the IPCC and other scientific assessment reports, which have important research value and decision-making instructions. In 2006, Wariguan Station passed the evaluation and certification organized by the Ministry of Science and Technology, and officially entered the national field station series. Through 25 years of construction and improvement, the station has realized all-weather, high-density observation of more than 60 elements in 30 items such as greenhouse gases, halogenated gases, aerosols, solar radiation, radioactive substances, black carbon, precipitation chemistry and atmospheric physics, generating more than 60,000 data every day, and basically forming an observation technical system and technical system covering the background of major atmospheric components.