Soil vegetation atmosphere transport (SVAT) model plays an important role in studying the interaction and relationship between atmospheric water, plant water, surface water, soil water and groundwater, plant water consumption process and ecological water demand, feedback mechanism between ecosystem and local climate, interaction mechanism between soil moisture and vegetation, and restoration and reconstruction of ecological environment. SVAT model has developed from single layer model to double layer model and multi-layer model after about half a century development of "bucket" model, biophysical model and biochemical model.

ARPS model is a non-static equilibrium regional forecast system developed by the storm analysis and Prediction Center of the University of Oklahoma. ARPS model adopts generalized terrain coordinate system, arakawa-c staggered horizontal grid and second-order leapfrog leaping time integration scheme, including cloud microphysical process, sub grid scale turbulence and other physical processes. ARPS model is suitable for small and medium-sized and storm scale weather systems, such as tornado, supercell storm, etc. ARPS model is mainly aimed at non energetic high-resolution regional forecast system of storm scale, including variational assimilation of real-time data, forward prediction and post-processing module.

Class model, as the "second generation" surface model that people need, was developed for Canadian GCM in the late 1980s. The model will fully deal with the effects of vegetation, snow cover and soil on the heat and temperature of the atmosphere. Various land surface parameterization schemes are compared in international projects. The class model is tested in the coupling model with GCM and various experiments with pilps. In such an operating environment, class is proved to perform quite well.

The bahm model is a tool to analyze the potential impacts of hydrological changes in land development projects and to grade structural solutions to mitigate the increased stormwater runoff in these projects. The software was developed in three counties in the San Francisco Bay Area: Alameda, San Mateo and Santa Clara.