Elm is mainly used to develop and share a better understanding of biological, chemical and hydrological interactions in landscape mosaic ecosystems. In the field of ecology, models can help organize or integrate our understanding of system ecology. This understanding can be applied to assess the relative benefits of simulation scenarios that will change in the future.

Modular ocean model (MOM) is a standard global ocean circulation model used by many researchers in the world. The origin of this model can be traced back to the community code originally developed by Kirk Bryan and Mike Cox in the 1960s, and many other global ocean models can be traced back to their origins. In the early 1990s, Ron pacanowski, Keith Dixon, and Tony Rosati redesigned the old code into a more modern format, while Steve griffies led the development of mom since 2000. However, mom is really a community code, and many people, both in gfdl and around the world, have made fundamental contributions to its successful development over the years.

3dade is a FORTRAN computer program, which is used to evaluate a series of analytical solutions of the three-dimensional convection dispersion equation. The analytical solution has stable unidirectional flow in porous media with uniform flow and transport characteristics. The transport equation includes the transport of solute by convection and dispersion, as well as solute delay, first-order decay and zero order production. The 3dade code can be used to directly solve some problems, that is, centralized calculation of time and space functions as specified model parameters, and indirect (inverse) problems, in which the program estimates the selected parameters by fitting one of the specified analytical solutions.

Esap-95 software package contains a series of site salinity modeling software programs for analyzing and predicting soil salinity information. Esap-95 software package currently contains three software programs: esap-rssd, ESAP calibrate and ESAP saltmapper. The esap-rssd program is designed to produce the best results of soil sampling designs from bulk soil conductivity surveys. Esapcalibrate program is designed to estimate stochastic (regression model) and deterministic (soil) theoretical basis) calibration equations; i.e. These equations are eventually used to predict the spatial values of one or more soil variables, derived from electrical conductivity measurements. ESAP saltmappercheng program can be used to produce high-quality 1D or 2D graphics, output electrical measurement data or predict soil variables.

Saltmod is a computer program used to predict soil moisture, salinity of groundwater and drainage, depth of groundwater table and drainage flow in irrigated farmland (hydrology), using different (GEO) hydrological conditions and their changing water management options, including groundwater irrigation and the use of some crop rotation schedules.

The process of energy flow and material circulation in the soil vegetation atmosphere system controls the microclimate environment of vegetation growth, which has an important impact on the growth of vegetation. At the same time, the exchange of energy and water between the surface and the atmosphere determines the intensity and stability of turbulence and diffusion in the boundary layer, and controls the lower boundary conditions of the climate system such as wind speed, temperature and humidity- Vegetation atmosphere transport model is very important to study and forecast climate change, hydrological cycle and ecological environment dynamics. J. W. Deardorff put forward the concept of "big leaf", added a layer of vegetation to the land surface simulation, and began to consider the ecological hydrological process of vegetation, thus forming the prototype of SVAT model. Isba is an interaction model among soil, biosphere and atmosphere, which was proposed by J. noilhan in 1989. It is used to simulate the exchange of heat, mass and momentum between land or water surface and upper atmosphere. The model is applied to the so-called independent development model. In the coupled model, the model provides lower boundary conditions for the atmospheric numerical weather forecast model, or higher boundary conditions for the distributed hydrological model.