The common land surface model was developed by scientists interested in land model for public use and further development. The main characteristics of the model include sufficient non-uniform interlayer to fully represent soil temperature and soil moisture, and multi-layer parameterization of snow process; clear treatment of liquid water and ice water quality in snow soil system; runoff parameterization under the concept of topmeod; a canopy photosynthetic conductivity model, which describes the simultaneous transfer of carbon dioxide and water vapor in plants; and a model of canopy photosynthesis conductivity; The sub grid fraction of energy and water balance is tiled. CLM has been widely evaluated in offline mode and coupled with the NCAR community climate model (CCM3).

WOFOST is a single site simulation system developed by Wageningen University in the Netherlands. A dynamic interpretative model based on process was developed to simulate crop growth process under the influence of climate and other environmental factors (such as soil water and fertilizer), such as photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, leaf area change, dry matter distribution and yield formation. The model can simulate crop growth process and crop yield under three conditions: sufficient water and fertilizer supply (potential growth condition), water limitation (rain fed condition) and nutrient limitation (insufficient supply of N, P, K).

HYDRUS-1D model is a finite element model, which is used to simulate the one-dimensional motion of water, heat and multiple solutes in variable saturated media. The model solves Richards' saturated unsaturated water flow and Fickian based advection dispersion equations of heat and solute transport.

At present, the plastic tarpaulin used in soil fumigation process has been proved to be able to penetrate into the fumigation steam and cause obvious loss to the atmosphere. New low permeability membranes are being developed to reduce fumigant emissions and improve efficacy. A fast, reliable and sensitive method is needed to measure the permeability of various membranes that may be used in new management practices. Filmpc provides a method for estimating the mass transfer coefficient (H) of fumigants in agricultural films. H is a measure of diffusion resistance. Unlike other permeability measurement methods, h is an attribute of film chemical combination, independent of the concentration gradient of the whole film. The model relies on a mass balance method, and adsorption and diffusion are carried out on the membrane. The results show that this method produces a sensitive and reproducible method for measuring membrane permeability.

The coupled confluence and storage (peak) distributed hydrological model is a hybrid modeling strategy, which was recently developed by Oklahoma University（ http://hydro.ou.edu ）And NASA's servir project team. Crest simulates the temporal and spatial variations of water and energy fluxes and storage on user-defined regular cells, so it can be applied at global and regional scales. The scalability of crest simulation is to represent the storage capacity of soil moisture (using a variable infiltration curve) and runoff generation process (using a linear reservoir) through a sub grid scale. Crest model was originally designed to provide relatively coarse resolution global flood prediction on the Internet, but it is also applicable to small scale, such as single basin. Crest model can be affected by potential evapotranspiration and precipitation grid point data sets, such as satellite precipitation estimation, grid rain gauge observation, remote sensing platform, such as weather radar, numerical weather forecast model from quantitative precipitation prediction model. The representative infiltration and routing of main water fluxes are closely related to the spatial variables of surface characteristics (i.e., vegetation, soil type, topography). The coupling of runoff generation components and confluence schemes provides a simulation of the interaction between the atmosphere, surface and groundwater.

Apex model includes nine modules: meteorology, hydrology, water erosion, nutrient, soil temperature, crop growth, cultivation, crop environmental management and economy. The improved SCS Runoff Curve number method is used to estimate the daily runoff of the model. The original SCS model provides the Runoff Curve Number with a slope of about 5%. The modified Runoff Curve number can be used for other slopes. At the same time, the daily runoff curve number is adjusted according to the soil moisture content and its distribution. Must equation is used to simulate water erosion, which is improved by musle. The biggest difference between must and USLE is that runoff and peak velocity are used as erosivity indicators to simulate soil erosion and sediment yield. This not only improves the prediction accuracy, but also avoids the use of sediment transport rate, but also can be used for sediment yield estimation of word rainstorm.