The field survey results show that there are a total of 172 geological effect points in the Pingshuo mining area caused by coal mining activities, including 17 ground subsidence groups, 8 unstable slope groups, 196 ground fissures, and a total geological effect area of 654.77 hectares. The Analytic Hierarchy Process can accurately determine the importance of factors affecting ground subsidence and provide the weights of each factor. The influencing factors of ground subsidence include human factors and natural factors. Based on the actual situation of Pingshuo mining area, two types of influencing factors are selected for analysis: human factors (including goaf size, mining depth and thickness, coal mining methods and roof management methods) and natural factors (including hydrogeological conditions, structural stress, overlying rock structure and hardness, coal seam dip angle). Through the Analytic Hierarchy Process and consistency testing, it was found that the ground subsidence in Pingshuo mining area is mainly controlled by three aspects: the ratio of mining depth to mining thickness, the scale of goaf, and the structure and hardness of overlying rock, with weight values of 0.469, 0.188, and 0.114, respectively. From this, it can be inferred that the main controlling factor for ground subsidence in Pingshuo mining area is human factors, and the land and resources department and coal production units should pay special attention to the impact of surrounding coal mine goaf when making production planning.

    The research focuses on the impact of mining progress on open-pit slopes in the open-pit mining area. Using the FLAC3D program, an ideal model for open-pit mining in Pingshuo mining area is established, and the constitutive model is the Mohr Coulomb model. Based on the mechanical parameters of each layer of rock and soil, a model is established, and the simulation results show that under the action of open-pit mining, the slope mainly undergoes settlement deformation. As the mining progresses, a goaf gradually forms.