Recently, the winter CO ˇ emissions dataset from the Northern Hemisphere permafrost region (1982-2022) developed by the team of Professor Mou Cuicui of Lanzhou University was released and made available for open access at the National Glacier, Permafrost and Desert Scientific Data Center. For the first time, this dataset achieves high-precision expression of the temporal and spatial pattern of carbon dioxide emissions in the northern hemisphere permafrost region (including the Arctic and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau) under the same framework, and can provide important data support for research on large-scale permafrost carbon fluxes and climate change. Related papers were published in "The Innovation Geoscience". Scientific researchers are warmly welcome to download and use data. Global warming is accelerating carbon release from permafrost, especially during winter. However, due to the lack of high-quality and gridded time-series data on winter CO ˇ emissions, there is great uncertainty in the current assessment of winter CO ˇ emissions in the northern hemisphere permafrost region. This research systematically integrates 2487 monthly carbon dioxide flux observation data from 166 in-situ stations in the northern hemisphere permafrost region from 1989 to 2022, and uses machine learning methods such as random forests, extreme random trees, and gradient-enhanced regression trees. Combined with multi-source environmental factors such as climate, vegetation, snow cover, soil and permafrost, an up-scale model suitable for regional characteristics of the Arctic and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been developed. Accurate extrapolation from site observations to regional scales was achieved, and a winter CO ˇ flux dataset with a spatial resolution of 0.1° in the northern hemisphere permafrost region from 1982 to 2022 was finally obtained. The verification results show that the data accuracy is good. In the Arctic permafrost region, the R² is 0.67, the MAE and RMSE are 3.94 gCm ²month ‰ and 5.67 gCm ²month ‰ respectively. In the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the R² is 0.82, the MAE and RMSE are 2.76 gCm ²month ‰ and 3.76 gCm ²month ‰ respectively. For detailed data production methods and analysis content, see the paper "Global warming driving increased winter CO ˇ emissions in the Northern Hemisphere permafrost region". The research was funded by the National Key R & D Program: Impact of Permafrost Degradation on Peatland Methane Emissions (2024YFF0810900). [Paper citation] 1. Wei Yuguo, Mu Cuicui, Chen Deliang, Mo Xiaoxiao, Elberling Bo, Zhang Wenxin, Zhang Guofei, Zhang Chunling, Li Kun, Li Xiaodong, Shi Mingming, Mu Mei, Wang Xufeng, Wei Da, Dou Tianbao, Du Xinlong, Peng Xiaoqing, Jin Yanxiang, Xiao Jingfeng, Ciais Philippe. Global warming driving increased winter CO₂ emissions in the Northern Hemisphere permafrost region[J/OL]. The Innovation Geoscience, 2026, 4, (1):100185. DOI: 10.59717/j.xinn-geo.2026.100185. [Data Set Download Address] https://www.ncdc.ac.cn/portal/metadata/7ec1c65b-17ee-412a-a535-135aa758a97a