The daily average temperature data of three hydrological points from 2003 to 2004 in this data mart. This dataset can extract meteorological information of glaciers, study material balance of glaciers, etc. The hydrological point of No. 1 Glacier is located on a river channel 300 meters away from the end of No. 1 Glacier. The monitoring of ice and snow runoff of No. 1 Glacier is carried out, with a cross-sectional elevation of 3659m and a drainage area of 3.34km2, including a glacier area of 1.74km2. It is a concrete rectangular section (1.0m high and 1.6m wide), and the meteorological field is located on the left bank of the section. Kongbingdou hydrological point is located on the left side of the source area of the Urumqi River, with the bucket mouth facing south. The observation of snow cover and permafrost meltwater runoff in high mountains is carried out. The section is 3805m above sea level, with a drainage area of 1.68km2. It is a concrete rectangular section (1.0m high and 1.0m wide). The meteorological field is located on the right bank of the section. Zongkong hydrological section is located at the junction of Daxi Gully and Luobudao Gully in the source area of the Urumqi River. The general control hydrological point is set to control and monitor the precipitation in the source area of the Urumqi River and the total melt water runoff of seven glaciers, as well as the snow cover of mountains and permafrost around the glaciers; The elevation of the control end face is 3408m, and the drainage area is 28.9km2; The glacier area is 5.6km2. It is a concrete section with a working bridge, and the meteorological station is located on the moraine hill on the left bank of the section.
Tianshan No.1 Glacier belongs to the Double Branch Ice Dou Valley Glacier, with a length of 2.2 kilometers, an average width of 500 meters, an area of 1.828 square kilometers, a maximum thickness of 140 meters, a highest point elevation of 4476 meters, an average annual movement speed of about 5 meters, an elevation of 3734 meters at the end of the ice tongue, an average height of 4055 meters at the snow line, facing northeast, and a "S" shaped mainstream. The routine hydrological and meteorological observations of the Tianshan Glacier Observation Experimental Station are conducted at the No.1 Glacier Hydrological Point, Kongbingdou Hydrological Point, and Zongkong Hydrological Point in the source area of the Urumqi River
All three hydrological sections are equipped with self measuring water level gauges, and flow measurement is mainly carried out using the current meter method. The real-time flow is obtained from the water level flow relationship line. Meteorological observation projects mainly include temperature, precipitation, humidity, evaporation, ground temperature, sunlight, etc. All observation data are organized according to regulations
The data quality is good
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CSTR:11738.11.ncdc.Tianshan.2020.84