Biome BGC model is a calculation program for assessing the energy, water, carbon and nitrogen flux and storage of vegetation and soil components of terrestrial ecosystems. The main purpose of this study is to study the interaction among global climate, disturbance and biogeochemical cycle. It represents the flux of energy and mass controlled by physical and biological processes.

3D focal mechanisms is an observation tool for 3D focal mechanism symbols. The tool runs in ArcScene 9. X, a geographic information system software of ESRI. The program needs to input a GIS point data set of earthquake location, which contains the strike, tilt and tilt values of node plane of each earthquake. Other information, such as the depth and magnitude of the earthquake, may also be included in the dataset.

The soil water balance (SWB) model is used to calculate the spatial and temporal variations of groundwater recharge. The SWB model calculates replenishment by combining common geographic information system (GIS) data layers with tabular climate data.