Experimental methods: the sample was pretreated with hydrofluoric acid, and a piece of Pinus tabulaeformis spore tablet was added to the sample to calculate the spore and pollen mass concentration of the sample. The samples were removed with 10% hydrochloric acid, 10% sodium hydroxide, and concentrated hydrofluoric acid. The residues were filtered with ultrasonic oscillator and 10 m aperture mesh. The residues were collected and purified in small test tubes, and preserved in glycerin. Semi active tablets were identified under Nikon microscope. More than 300 pollen grains were identified in each sample.

This data sheet is manually entered by a specially assigned person according to the record book.

(1) Algorithm and model introduction: The percentage content of sporopollen is calculated by dividing the number of pollen grains of the species by the total number of all the pollens counted, and then multiplying by 100%. The mass concentration of spores is calculated by the method of adding Lycopodium spores, that is, the number of Lycopodium spores added in the sample is divided by the counted number of Lycopodium spores multiplied by the weight of the sample. The above calculation does not include algal spores 。

(2) References: Huang Xiaozhong, Zhao Yan, et al. Sporopollen analysis of surface sediments in Bosten Lake, Xinjiang [J]. Glacial permafrost, 2004, 26 (5): 602-609

The pollen was identified according to the published plate and the self-made standard piece.

(1) Data production process: hydrofluoric acid screening method was used for pretreatment, identified and counted under Nikon microscope, and the percentage content and mass concentration of pollen were calculated by Excel. (2) Methods and standards: according to the percentage content and relative change and mass concentration change of each family and genus, combined with other indicators to reflect environmental changes, and crop pollen can also indicate human activities. (3) Application scope: it is mainly used for the study of oasis ecosystem in inland river basin of northwest arid area.