China Waliguan Atmospheric Background Reference Observatory, founded in 1994, is located on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, 100 ° 54'E east longitude, 36 ° 17'N north latitude, 3810 meters above sea level. It is the highest atmospheric background reference station in the world and the first atmospheric background reference station in the hinterland of the continent. Its establishment fills the gap of the Global Atmospheric Monitoring Network (GAW) in Eurasia. The Waliguan Global Atmospheric Background Station provides a scientific basis for global atmospheric data sharing and is the only atmospheric background observation station in the inland hinterland of the Northern Hemisphere. Its observation results can represent the atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration and its changes in the mid latitude inland areas of the Northern Hemisphere. At present, the Valiguan China Atmospheric Background Observatory is responsible for observing greenhouse gases, aerosols, reactive gases, solar radiation, precipitation chemistry, conventional meteorological elements, and other related tasks.